Advanced Photonics Nexus, Volume. 3, Issue 6, 066003(2024)

High precision and sensitivity anti-interference 3D coherent ranging based on dual reversely chirped self-mixing lasers

Chenxiao Lin... Yifan Wang and Yidong Tan* |Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • Tsinghua University, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Beijing, China
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    Figures & Tables(10)
    System configuration and working principle of the reversely chirped self-mixing FMCW lidar system. (a) Architecture of the proposed reversely chirped self-mixing FMCW lidar. FC, fiber coupler; SM, single mode; SMS, self-mixing swept. (b) Basic system configuration of self-mixing FMCW lidar. (c) Spectrum of self-mixing FMCW signal under vibrating environment. (d) Schematic diagram of working principle of real-time vibration compensation.
    Design and testing of SMS lasers. (a) Schematic diagram of the SMS laser. (b) Photograph of the experimental setup of the SMS laser. ISO, isolator; WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; PZT, piezoelectric ceramic actuator. (c) Driving voltages and the corresponding frequency deviation. ROI, region of interest. (d) Power spectrum of the SMS laser obtained through delay self-heterodyne interferometry method. (e) Spectrum, FWHM, and (f) repeated resolution testing results of the long-distance ranging.
    Results of system localization accuracy and linearity. (a) Localization accuracy results under different methods with 50 μm step motion. Inset: diagram of experimental setup. (b) SD and range of 20 measurements at each position in localization accuracy experiment. (c) Results of linearity test with 10 cm ranging, including average ranging results, linear fitting results, residual error, and part of original data.
    Results of long-time ranging stability. (a) Ranging results of over 3 h. Inset: SD of ranging results. (b) Data distribution and corresponding Lorentz fittings of long-time ranging results using different methods.
    Detection limit of the system. (a) The SNR versus feedback attenuation targeting a corner cube mirror. Inset: the spectrum of the self-mixing signals at maximum optical attenuation that can be provided in the experiment. (b) Diagram of the experimental setup for detection path with arrows indicating the transmitting direction of the light. CIR, circulator; COL, collimator; CM, corner cube mirror. (c) Spectrum of the laser relaxation oscillation.
    Single-point anti-interference measurement results. Repeated single-point measurement results using different methods with (a) wind interference and (b) wind and heat interference. (c) SD results of various demodulation methods under different interferences.
    Anti-interference 3D imaging results. (a) Schematic of experimental configuration. (b) Data acquisition flowchart. AWG, arbitrary waveform generator; PA, power amplifier; PS, phase shifter; GS, galvo scanners; PC, personal computer; DAQ, data acquisition card; PD, photodetector. The imaging results of (c) an ancient copper coin and (d) three aluminum blocks with different thicknesses. The letters after “-” (from “i” to “v”) correspond to the object photos, static imaging results using the proposed method, imaging results using the traditional single-region method, the adjacent-averaging method, and proposed method. (e) Precisely manufactured aluminum step that has five front surfaces with a difference in thickness of 500 μm between each other. Corresponding imaging results from different perspectives using (f) conventional single-region, (g) adjacent-averaging demodulation method, and (h) proposed method.
    (a) Schematic of ideal linear swept modulation and actual situation with nonlinearity. (b) Spectrum results of the beat signal targeting a static object and a vibrating object before and after resampling.
    The 3D imaging results of (a) an artificial tree, (b) a foam snowflake, and (c) a ceramic horse; with corresponding photographs shown in (d) for the artificial tree, (e) for the foam snowflake, and (f) for the ceramic horse.
    • Table 1. Comparison of the existing FMCW lidar systems.

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      Table 1. Comparison of the existing FMCW lidar systems.

      MethodProbe powerPrecisionResolutionLinearityTarget
      Ref. 1715 mW250  μm0.99 mmDesk
      Ref. 2510 mW5 cm2.5 cmFoam board
      Ref. 4820 mWMannequin
      Ref. 490.16 mW1 mm5.23 mm2.75×104Hallway
      Ref. 502 cm2.5 cm1.53×102Metal blocks
      This work65  μW50  μm1.8 mm1.83×104Scattering objects
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    Chenxiao Lin, Yifan Wang, Yidong Tan, "High precision and sensitivity anti-interference 3D coherent ranging based on dual reversely chirped self-mixing lasers," Adv. Photon. Nexus 3, 066003 (2024)

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    Paper Information

    Received: Feb. 27, 2024

    Accepted: Sep. 14, 2024

    Published Online: Oct. 17, 2024

    The Author Email: Yidong Tan (tanyd@tsinghua.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.1117/1.APN.3.6.066003

    CSTR:32397.14.1.APN.3.6.066003

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