Design of Four-Mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Based on Annealing Algorithm

$Refractive index distribution and gain characteristics of FM-EDFA fabrication errors are considered. (a) Radial refractive index distribution of fiber core; (b) gain characteristics of FM-EDFA$

Fig. 9. Refractive index distribution and gain characteristics of FM-EDFA fabrication errors are considered. (a) Radial refractive index distribution of fiber core; (b) gain characteristics of FM-EDFA

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Table 1. Parameter and meaning of formulas

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Table 1. Parameter and meaning of formulas

Parameter	Meaning	Parameter	Meaning
$N (z)$	Erbium ion doping concentration	$σ_{a p}$	Pump absorption cross section
$N_{1} (z)$	Erbium ion concentration in the upper level	$σ_{e p}$	Pump emission cross section
$N_{2} (z)$	Erbium ion concentration in the lower level	$σ_{a s}$	Signal absorption cross section
$P_{p}^{\pm} (z)$	Forward and backward pump power	$σ_{e s}$	Signal emission cross section
$P_{s}^{\pm} (z)$	Forward and backward signal power	$σ_{a A S E}$	ASE noise absorption cross section
$P_{A S E}^{\pm} (z)$	Forward and backward ASE noise power	$σ_{e A S E}$	ASE noise emission cross section
$v_{p}$	Pump frequency	$α_{p}$	Pump loss coefficient
$v_{s}$	Signal frequency	$α_{s}$	Signal loss coefficient
$v_{A S E}$	ASE noise frequency	$α_{A S E}$	ASE noise loss coefficient
$Δ v_{A S E}$	ASE noise bandwidth	$h$	Planck constant
$Γ_{p}$	Pump power fill factor	$c$	Velocity of light
$Γ_{s}$	Signal power fill factor	$τ$	Metastable level particle lifetime
$Γ_{A S E}$	ASE noise power fill factor	$A$	Optical fiber cross section area

Table 2. Structural parameter of double-layer step index fiber
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Table 2. Structural parameter of double-layer step index fiber
Parameter Value Parameter Value
N₁ 1.452 r₁ 6.8
N₂ 1.448 r₂ 8.8
N₃ 1.444 r₃ 10.8
N₄ 1.440 r₄ 12.8

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Baoyuan Wang, Fengping Yan, Guobin Ren, Hao Guo, Jiao Gao. Design of Four-Mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Based on Annealing Algorithm[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(22): 2206007

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