Laser Coloring of Stainless Steel

Fig. 5. Relative deviation diagram of reflection spectrum. (a) Relative deviation between samples A2, A3 and sample A1; (b) relative deviation between samples B2, B3 and B1

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Fig. 6. Surface morphology diagrams. (a) 200 kHz sample A1; (b) 300 kHz sample A2; (c) 400 kHz sample A3; (d) 200 kHz sample B1; (e) 300 kHz sample B2; (f) 400 kHz sample B3

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Fig. 7. Example of color marking pattern

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Table 1. Basic parameters of experimental materials
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Table 1. Basic parameters of experimental materials
Material Roughness /nm Surface reflectance Density /（kg·m^-³） Melting point /K
304 stainless steel 2.6 0.7 7800 1723

Table 2. Sample parameters and colors

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Table 2. Sample parameters and colors

Sample No.	Pulse repetition frequency /kHz	Average laser power /W	Scanning speed /（mm·s^-1）	CIE coordinates			$Δ E_{a b}^{*}$	$L_{a p c}$
Sample No.	Pulse repetition frequency /kHz	Average laser power /W	Scanning speed /（mm·s^-1）	L^*	a^*	b^*	$Δ E_{a b}^{*}$	$L_{a p c}$
A1	200	1.75	90	52.50	9.39	4.59	—	（200∶1.75∶90.0）
A2	300	2.46	140	52.36	9.85	4.30	0.56	（200∶1.64∶93.3）
A3	400	3.40	170	53.94	9.05	6.45	2.38	（200∶1.75∶85.0）
B1	200	1.82	75	46.05	5.00	$-$ 9.24	—	（200∶1.82∶75.0）
B2	300	2.50	115	45.46	6.02	$-$ 10.02	1.41	（200∶1.67∶77.0）
B3	400	3.75	127	47.14	4.65	$-$ 6.88	2.62	（200∶1.87∶63.5）

Table 3. Oxide film thickness and surface roughness of samples
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Table 3. Oxide film thickness and surface roughness of samples
Sample No. Thickness /nm Roughness /nm
A1 233 119
A2 235 120
A3 241 130
B1 297 154
B2 299 145
B3 303 153

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Hanzhang Wang, Yanrui Yin, Zhiqiang Dou, Kang Tian, Jingqi Lu. Laser Coloring of Stainless Steel[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(9): 0916001

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