Fig. 1. Illustration of the additional wrapped phase translation and phase error correction. (a) Captured fringe. (b) Original wrapped phase ϕ. (c) Additional wrapped phase ϕ^A. (d) Cross sections in panels (b) and (c). (e) Generation of ϕ^S, ϕ^A-S, and ϕ^F.

Fig. 2. Two situations that induce a line of wrapped phase to fail to calculate S. (a) ϕ^A has one more phase jump than ϕ. (b) ϕ has one more phase jump than ϕ^A.

Fig. 3. 3D reconstruction results of the fox mask. (a) Traditional 3-step PS method. (b) Proposed GSCN method. (c) Comparison of the cross sections of the reconstruction results. (d) Close-up of the cross sections.

Fig. 4. 3D reconstruction results of the Venus statue. (a) Deformed fringe patterns. (b) Original wrapped phase ϕ. (c) Additional wrapped phase ϕ^A. (d) Comparison of a section of the wrapped phase ϕ and ϕ^A. (e) Generation of ϕ^S, ϕ^A-S, and ϕ^F. (f) 3-step PS method. (g) Proposed GSCN method. (h) Cross-section comparison of the reconstruction results. (i) Close-up of the cross section.

Fig. 5. 3D reconstruction results of the dental cast. (a) Dental cast with stepped surfaces. (b) Captured fringe pattern. (c) Traditional 3-step PS method. (d) Proposed GSCN method. (e) Comparison of the cross sections of the reconstruction results. (f) Close-up of the cross sections.

Fig. 6. 3D reconstruction results of the David statue and dental cast. (a) Deformed fringe patterns. (b) Fused wrapped phase. (c) Wrapped phase comparison. (d) 3-step PS method. (e) Proposed GSCN method. (f) Hilbert transform method. (g) Double 3-step PS method. (h) 12-step PS method. (i) Phase errors of the four methods.

Fig. 7. Reconstruction results of the Rui-Shou mask. (a) Real image. (b) Deformation fringe pattern. (c) Hilbert transform result of (a). (d) Intensity comparison. (e) Reconstruction result using the 12-step phase-shifting method. (f) Reconstruction result using the 3-step phase-shifting method. (g) Reconstruction result using the proposed method. (h) Reconstruction result using the Hilbert transform method.