Resources Science, Volume. 42, Issue 10, 1975(2020)

Operation and maintenance and data quality control of the Heihe integrated observatory network

Ziwei XU1、*, Shaomin LIU1, Tao CHE2, Yang ZHANG2, Zhiguo REN2, Adan WU2, Junlei TAN2, Zhongli ZHU1, Tongren XU1, and Tao MA3
Author Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 2Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 3Langfang Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Langfang 065000, China
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    Figures & Tables(11)
    Heihe integrated observatory network of land surface processes (blue: operating stations; white: removed stations)
    Illustration of superstation (a) and ordinary station (b)
    Data management and control system
    Flowchart of the operation and maintenance of the Heihe integrated observatory network
    Flowchart of data processing and quality control
    An example of metadata
    An example of meteorological data, surface flux data and vegetation data in the Heihe integrated observatory network in 2018
    • Table 1. Station information of the Heihe integrated observatory network

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      Table 1. Station information of the Heihe integrated observatory network

      序号站点名称经度/°E纬度/°N高程/m位置站点类型观测期植被类型
      1景阳岭站101.1237.843750上游普通站2013.8—高寒草甸
      2峨堡站100.9237.953294上游普通站2013.6—2016.10高寒草甸
      3黄草沟站100.7338.003137上游普通站2013.6—2015.4高寒草甸
      4阿柔阳坡站100.5238.093529上游普通站2013.8—2015.8高寒草甸
      5阿柔超级站100.4638.053033上游超级站2008.1—亚高山山地草甸
      6阿柔阴坡站100.4137.983536上游普通站2013.8—2015.8高寒草甸
      7垭口站100.2438.014148上游普通站2013.12—高寒草甸
      8黄藏寺站100.1938.232612上游普通站2013.6—2015.4小麦
      9大沙龙站98.9438.843739上游普通站2013.8—沼泽化高寒草甸
      10关滩站100.2538.542835上游普通站2018.1—2012.4青海云杉
      11花寨子站100.3238.771731中游普通站2012.6—盐爪爪荒漠
      12神沙窝站100.4938.791594中游普通站2012.6—2015.4沙地
      13黑河遥感站100.4838.831560中游普通站2014.8—草地
      14张掖湿地站100.4538.981460中游普通站2012.6—芦苇
      15大满超级站100.3738.861556中游超级站2012.5—玉米
      16盈科站100.4138.861519中游普通站2018.1—2012.4玉米
      17巴吉滩站100.3038.921562中游普通站2012.5—2015.4红砂荒漠
      18混合林站101.1341.99874下游普通站2013.7—胡杨和柽柳
      19农田站101.1342.00875下游普通站2013.7—2015.11瓜地
      20四道桥超级站101.1442.00873下游超级站2013.7—柽柳
      21裸地站101.1342.00878下游普通站2013.7—2016.3裸地
      22胡杨林站101.1241.99876下游普通站2013.7—2016.4胡杨
      23荒漠站100.9942.111054下游普通站2015.4—红砂荒漠
    • Table 2. Description of the observation system

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      Table 2. Description of the observation system

      观测设备观测要素
      气象要素梯度观测系统30~40 m塔,包括6/7层空气温湿度、风速/风向和CO2/水汽浓度梯度、气压、降水量、四分量辐射、光合有效辐射、红外地表温度、土壤温湿度廓线(上游:16/17层土壤湿度/温度,埋深至3.2 m;中游:8/9层土壤温度/湿度,埋深至1.6 m;下游:9/10层土壤湿度/温度,埋深至2 m)、土壤热通量、平均土壤温度、土壤水势和导热率(6层,埋深至1.2 m,上游阿柔超级站)等
      自动气象站10 m塔,包括空气温湿度、风速/风向、气压、降水量、四分量辐射、光合有效辐射、红外地表温度、土壤温湿度廓线(7/8层土壤温度/湿度,上游埋深至1.6 m,中、下游埋深至1 m,其中混合林站的埋深至2.4 m)、土壤热通量等
      积雪自身物理属性观测仪器伽马射线雪水当量仪、积雪属性分析仪(雪深、密度和湿度)以及全球导航卫星系统的积雪观测系统(雪深)等
      积雪的物质和能量交换过程观测仪器积雪物质与能量交换过程的观测仪器包括国际上标准的双栅式对比用标准雨量计(降雪量)、涡动相关系统(雪升华)、风吹雪粒子测量仪等
    • Table 3. Routine maintenance records of the Heihe integrated observatory network (taking mid-to-late May 2020 as an example)

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      Table 3. Routine maintenance records of the Heihe integrated observatory network (taking mid-to-late May 2020 as an example)

      站点到达时间离开时间整体描述下垫面状况株高/m物候期是否灌溉(如是记录灌溉时间)耕作措施仪器工作状况备注
      大满15:0515:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。玉米,无明显变化0.10出苗期良好,标定涡动
      花寨子16:3016:50晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。盐爪爪,无明显变化0.15返青良好,标定涡动调试物候相机
      湿地9:3011:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。芦苇,水深约0.5 m0.60萌动期良好,标定涡动调试物候相机
      黑河遥感站16:3017:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。杂草,无明显变化0.10返青良好
      四道桥9:1015:00晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。柽柳,草甸,无明显变化3.00萌芽良好,标定涡动更换6层二维风
      混合林16:0019:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。胡杨&柽柳,无明显变化15.00展叶良好,标定涡动调试物候相机
      荒漠9:2012:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。红砂,无明显变化良好,标定涡动调试物候相机
      阿柔9:1011:50多云,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。草甸,无明显变化0.20返青良好,标定涡动
      景阳岭14:3015:30晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。草甸,无明显变化返青良好,标定涡动
      垭口9:3011:20晴,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。草甸,有积雪四分量辐射仪有问题,标定涡动有积雪
      大沙龙11:1012:20雾,仪器完整,塔体无倾斜。草甸,无明显变化返青良好,标定涡动
    • Table 4. An example route of maintenance

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      Table 4. An example route of maintenance

      日程路线路程/km
      第一天兰州—张掖,大满站,花寨子荒漠站585
      第二天巴吉滩戈壁站,张掖湿地站,神沙窝沙漠站,黑河遥感站110
      第三天张掖—额济纳旗590
      第四天四道桥站,混合林站,胡杨林站,裸地站,耕地站,荒漠站50
      第五天额济纳旗—张掖590
      第六天张掖—祁连县,阿柔站210
      第七天大沙龙站,垭口站,黄藏寺站500
      第八天阿柔阴坡站,阿柔阳坡站100
      第九天黄草沟站,峨堡站,景阳岭站,张掖230
      第十天张掖—兰州505
      合计3470
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    Ziwei XU, Shaomin LIU, Tao CHE, Yang ZHANG, Zhiguo REN, Adan WU, Junlei TAN, Zhongli ZHU, Tongren XU, Tao MA. Operation and maintenance and data quality control of the Heihe integrated observatory network[J]. Resources Science, 2020, 42(10): 1975

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    Paper Information

    Received: May. 12, 2020

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Apr. 23, 2021

    The Author Email: XU Ziwei (xuzw@bnu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.18402/resci.2020.10.14

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