Fig. 1. Correlation coefficients of different pulse widths in different wind fields. (a) Distributions of slow-varying and fast-varying wind fields; (b) (c) intra-pulse correlation coefficient with pulse widths of 1 μs and 200 ns, under slow-varying and fast-varying wind fields; (d) inter-pulse correlation coefficients with a pulse width of 1 μs and 200 ns,under two wind fields

Fig. 2. Results by using coherent accumulation and incoherent averaging of simulated echoes. (a) Power spectrum of 10-pulse accumulation and incoherent averaging; (b) comparison of velocity measurements obtained by the power spectrum maximum method; (c) (d) correlation coefficient and average error of each sampling between the measured velocity and set velocity by using coherent accumulation and incoherent averaging of echoes

Fig. 3. Experimental setup of wind lidar

Fig. 4. Echoes before and after phase alignment. (a) Partial intensities of echoes, inset is its magnification in duration from 0.02-0.055 μs; (b) correlation between the other leakage pulses and the 1st leakage pulse, inset is its magnification in duration from -45-35; (c) the offset number of sampling intervals found according to the maximum of correlation; (d) intensities of the aligned echoes, inset is its magnification in duration from 0.02-0.055 μs

Fig. 5. Intra-pulse and inter-pulse correlation coefficients of leaked light. (a) (b) Intra-pulse and inter-pulse correlation coefficients of leaked light with pulse widths of 200 ns and 1 μs

Fig. 6. Calculated correlation coefficients based on experimental data. (a) (b) Intra-pulse correlation coefficients and inter-pulse correlation coefficients of echoes with 200 ns and 1 μs pulse width

Fig. 7. Results of coherent accumulation and incoherent averaging of the experimental echoes. (a) Comparison of power spectra by using methods of 10-pulse accumulation and incoherent averaging; (b) comparison of power spectra of echoes using two processing methods at different distances

Fig. 8. Measuring results of echoes from hard targets. (a) The maximum frequency of the power spectrum calculated by a single echo; (b) the time domain intensity of echoes with no accumulation, 10-pulses, and 200-pulses accumulation; (c) (d) the power spectra of echo by coherent accumulation and incoherent averaging