In this paper, a method for volume error calibration of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is proposed, which is based on the inverse-distance weighting (IDW) algorithm. The volume errors of the CMM spatial measurement points are firstly obtained using the laser tracing multi-station measurement technique combined with the Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm. Subsequently the IDW algorithm is used to spatially interpolate the volume errors of the measurement points and thus the volume error of any point in the whole measurement space of CMM is obtained. The experimental results show that the IDW algorithm has low requirements for measurement paths, high interpolation accuracy, and an error coincidence degree of higher than 96% for volume error in each direction. The research results provide a reference for the selection of the optimal measurement position for workpieces in the measurement space.