Fig. 1. Two classic array structures. (a) Golay6 array; (b) Golay9 array

Fig. 2. MTF curves of Golay6 under different filling factors. (a) f_x direction; (b) f_y direction

Fig. 3. Desired MTF curve of the Golay6 array structure. (a) f_x direction; (b) f_y direction

Fig. 4. Array structure before and after optimization. (a) Initial structure; (b) optimized structure

Fig. 5. MTF of the array structure before and after optimization. (a) MTF of the initial array structure; (b) MTF of the optimized array structure; (c) top view of the initial array structure; (d) top view of the optimized array structure

Fig. 6. MTF curve of the array structure in logarithmic coordinate system. (a) f_x direction; (b) f_y direction

Fig. 7. Imaging results of different structures. (a) Original test card; (b) initial aperture array; (c) optimized aperture array

Fig. 8. Simulated image and MTF of the array in the f_x direction before and after optimization. (a) Simulated image of the Golay6; (b) simulated image after optimization; (c) MTF of the array before and after optimization

Fig. 9. Simulated image and MTF of the array in the f_y direction before and after optimization. (a) Simulated image of the Golay6; (b) simulated image after optimization; (c) MTF of the array before and after optimization

Fig. 10. MTF curve of the array structure before and after optimization (F=11.5%). (a) f_x direction; (b) f_y direction; (c) π/4 direction of x axis

Fig. 11. MTF curve of the array structure before and after optimization (F=13.0%). (a) f_x direction; (b) f_y direction; (c) π/4 directionn direction of x axis

Fig. 12. Array structure obtained by different α. (a) α=0.91; (b) α=0.94; (c) α=0.97

Fig. 13. MTF of the array structure with different α . (a) α=0.91; (b) α=0.94; (c) α=0.97