Effect of Foggy Environments on Sky Polarization Distribution

Xiaoqing Feng; Su Zhang; Juntong Zhan; Qiang Fu; Jin Duan; Yingchao Li; Shetian Lu

doi:10.3788/AOS241212

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 44, Issue 19, 1912004(2024)

Effect of Foggy Environments on Sky Polarization Distribution

Xiaoqing Feng¹, Su Zhang^1、*, Juntong Zhan¹, Qiang Fu¹, Jin Duan², Yingchao Li¹, and Shetian Lu¹

¹Institute of Space Ophotoelectronics Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, Jilin , China

²School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, Jilin , China

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Figures & Tables(21)

Fig. 1. Solution process of adding-doubling method

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Fig. 2. Schematic of atmospheric stratification

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Fig. 3. Normalized particle size distributions

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Fig. 4. Measurement setup

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Fig. 5. Schematic of DoFP polarimetric camera

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Fig. 6. Distribution of skylight polarization from 7:00 to 19:00 on May 26, 2023

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Fig. 7. Maximum values in measured and simulated skylight DOP distribution

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Fig. 8. Measured and simulated solar meridian angles in skylight AOP distribution

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Fig. 9. DOP distribution with different AODs under sea fog environment. (a) Measurement results; (b) simulation results

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Fig. 10. Maximum values of skylight DOP distribution under different AODs in sea fog

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Fig. 11. Difference between simulated and measured maximum values of skylight DOP distribution in sea fog environment under different AODs

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Fig. 12. DOP distribution with different AODs under land fog environment. (a) Measurement results; (b) simulation results

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Fig. 13. Maximum values of skylight DOP distribution in land fog under different AODs

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Fig. 14. Difference between simulated and measured maximum DOP values of skylight DOP distribution in land fog under different AODs

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Fig. 15. Difference in maximum DOP of skylight polarization distribution between sea fog and land fog environments

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Table 1. Modified gamma distribution parameters corresponding to typical fog particles
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Table 1. Modified gamma distribution parameters corresponding to typical fog particles
Fog type A $α$ $γ$ B $r_{m o d} / μ m$
Land fog 607.5 6 1 3 2
Sea fog 0.027 3 1 0.375 8

Table 2. Parameters of polarization test system
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Table 2. Parameters of polarization test system
Component Parameter Value
Fisheye lens Field angle 152°
Focal length 3.5 mm
DoFP polarimetric camera Resolution 2448 pixel×2048 pixel
Image size 3.45 μm
Frame rate 24 frame/s

Table 3. Measurement conditions at Changshan island in Dalian on May 26, 2023

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Table 3. Measurement conditions at Changshan island in Dalian on May 26, 2023

Time	Atmospheric pressure /hPa	Visibility /km	Solar altitude angle /（°）	Solar azimuth angle /（°）	Ground temperature /℃
7：00	1011	6	26.61	83.63	15
9：00	1012	9	50.39	104.91	15
11：00	1013	10	70.05	152.36	16
13：00	1013	12	65.40	228.26	18
15：00	1013	15	43.74	262.05	17
17：00	1012	14	19.99	281.32	16
19：00	1012	7	0.20	297.39	15

Table 4. Results of various visibility tests under sea fog

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Table 4. Results of various visibility tests under sea fog

Location	Date	Time	Visibility /km	Atmospheric pressure /hPa	Solar altitude angle /（°）	Solar azimuth /（°）
Changshan island	2023-05-28	5：00	4	1010	4.791	66.205
	2023-05-29	5：00	9	1007	4.873	66.063
	2023-05-30	5：00	6	1006	4.949	65.924

Table 5. Test data for different visibility levels in land fog environment

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Table 5. Test data for different visibility levels in land fog environment

Location	Date	Time	Visibility /km	Atmospheric pressure /hPa	Solar altitude angle /（°）	Solar azimuth /（°）
Dalian	2023-06-01	5：00	4	1012	4.57	65.33
	2023-06-06	5：00	6	1008	4.81	64.68
	2023-06-10	5：00	9	1009	4.93	64.28

Table 6. Simulation and test conformity
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Table 6. Simulation and test conformity
Fog type δ_AOD=0.52 δ_AOD=0.74 δ_AOD=1.07
r_PPMCC /% R_MSE /% r_PPMCC /% R_MSE /% r_PPMCC /% R_MSE /%
Sea fog 84.28 88.67 76.59 77.18 71.25 73.19
Land fog 87.04 86.23 80.86 85.03 80.43 81.18

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Xiaoqing Feng, Su Zhang, Juntong Zhan, Qiang Fu, Jin Duan, Yingchao Li, Shetian Lu. Effect of Foggy Environments on Sky Polarization Distribution[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2024, 44(19): 1912004

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