[1] [1] Morkel P R, Laming R I. Theoretical modeling of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with excited-state absorption. Opt. Lett., 1989, 14(19):1062～1064

[2] [2] Montecchi M, Mecozzi A, Settembre M et al.. Gain and noise in rare-earth-doped optical fibers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. (B), 1991, 8(1):134～141

[3] [3] Desurvire E. Analysis of gain difference between forward- and backward- pumped erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in the saturation regime. IEEE Photon. Technol Lett., 1992, 4(7):711～714

[7] [7] Desurvire E, Simpon J R, Becker P C. High-gain erbium-doped travelling-wave fiber amplifier. Opt. Lett., 1987, 12(11):888～890

[8] [8] Yamada M, Shimizu M, Takeshita T et al.. Er3+-doped fiber amplifier pumped by 0.98 μm laser diodes. IEEE Photon. Technol Lett., 1989, 1(12):422～424