[1] [1] VADUGANATHAN M, MENSAH GA, TURCO JV,et al. The global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk: a compass for future health [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2022,80 (25): 2361-2371.

[2] [2] DE PALMA M, HANAHAN D. Milestones in tumor vascularization and its therapeutic targeting [J]. Nat Cancer,2024, 5 (6): 827-843.

[3] [3] PREUSS SF, GRIESHOBER D, AUGUSTIN HG. Systemic reprogramming of endothelial cell signaling in metastasis and cachexia [J]. Physiology (Bethesda), 2023, 38 (4): 189-202.

[4] [4] FRANCESCHI C, GARAGNANI P, PARINI P,et al. Inflammaging: A new immune-metabolic viewpoint for agerelated diseases [J]. Nat Rev Endocrinol, 2018, 14 (10): 576-590.

[5] [5] CHEN PY, QIN LF, LI GX,et al. Endothelial TGF- signalling drives vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis [J]. Nat Metab, 2019, 1 (9): 912-926.

[6] [6] BONAVENTURA A, VECCHIE A, DAGNA L,et al. Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19 [J]. Nat Rev Immunol,2021, 21 (5): 319-329.

[7] [7] SCARFO R, RANDOLPH LN, ABOU ALEZZ M,et al. CD32 captures committed haemogenic endothelial cells during human embryonic development [J]. Nat Cell Biol,2024, 26(5): 719-730.

[8] [8] GHERS JJ, BALDISSERA G, HINTZEN J,et al. Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell heterogeneity is inherited from the embryonic endothelium [J]. Nat Cell Biol,2023, 25(8): 1135-1145.

[9] [9] KENSWIL KJG, PISTERZI P, SANCHEZ-DUFFHUES G,et al. Endothelium-derived stromal cells contribute to hematopoietic bone marrow niche formation [J]. Cell Stem Cell, 2021, 28(4): 653-670.

[10] [10] SINGHAL M, LIU XT, INVERSO D,et al. Endothelial cell fitness dictates the source of regenerating liver vasculature [J]. J Exp Med, 2018, 215 (10): 2497-2508.

[11] [11] EELEN G, TREPS L, LI XR,et al. Basic and therapeutic aspects of angiogenesis updated [J]. Circ Res, 2020, 127 (2):310-329.

[12] [12] APTE RS, CHEN DS, FERRARA N. VEGF in signaling and disease: beyond discovery and development [J]. Cell, 2019,176(6): 1248-1264.

[13] [13] SCHEVENELS G, CABOCHETTE P, AMERICA M,et al. A brain-specific angiogenic mechanism enabled by tip cell specialization [J]. Nature, 2024, 628 (8009): 863-871.

[14] [14] LI Y, LIU ZX, HAN XM,et al. Dynamics of endothelial cell generation and turnover in arteries during homeostasis and diseases [J]. Circulation, 2024, 149(2): 135-154.

[15] [15] KOH GY, AUGUSTIN HG, CAMPOCHIARO PA. Viewpoints: Dual-blocking antibody against VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2 for treating vascular diseases of the eye [J]. Trends Mol Med, 2022, 28 (5): 347-349.

[16] [16] RICARD N, BAILLY S, GUIGNABERT C,et al. The quiescent endothelium: signalling pathways regulating organ-specific endothelial normalcy [J]. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2021,18(8): 565-580.

[17] [17] GOMEZ-SALINERO JM, ITKIN T, HOUGHTON S,etal. Cooperative ETS transcription factors enforce adult endothelial cell fate and cardiovascular homeostasis [J]. Nat Cardio Vasc Res, 2022, 1: 882-899.

[18] [18] WIGGINS BG, WANG YF, BURKE A,et al. Endothelial sensing of AHR ligands regulates intestinal homeostasis [J]. Nature, 2023, 621 (7980): 821-829.

[19] [19] MAJOR J, CROTTA S, FINSTERBUSCH K,et al. Endothelial AHR activity prevents lung barrier disruption in viral infection [J]. Nature, 2023, 621 (7980): 813-820.

[20] [20] NAITO H, IBA T, WAKABAYASHI T,et al. TAK1 prevents endothelial apoptosis and maintains vascular integrity [J]. Dev Cell, 2019, 48(2): 151-166.

[21] [21] LIU C, SHEN MC, TAN WLW,et al. Statins improve endothelial function via suppression of epigenetic-driven EndMT [J]. Nat CardioVasc Res, 2023, 2 (5): 467-485.

[22] [22] UNGVARI Z, TARANTINI S, SOROND F,et al. Mechanisms of vascular aging, a geroscience perspective: JACC focus seminar [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2020, 75(8):931-941.

[23] [23] CHEN JY, SIVAN U, TAN SL,et al. High-resolution 3D imaging uncovers organ-specific vascular control of tissue aging[J]. Sci Adv, 2021, 7(6): eabd7819.

[24] [24] GRUNEWALD M, KUMAR S, SHARIFE H,et al. Counteracting age-related VEGF signaling insufficiency promotes healthy aging and extends life span [J]. Science,2021, 373(6554): eabc8479.

[25] [25] LEHALLIER B, GATE D, SCHAUM N,et al. Undulating changes in human plasma proteome profiles across the lifespan [J]. Nat Med, 2019, 25 (12): 1843-1850.

[26] [26] ABDELLATIF M, RAINER PP, SEDEJ S,et al. Hallmarks of cardiovascular ageing [J]. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2023, 20(11):754-777.

[27] [27] DOBNER S, TOTH F, DE ROOIJ LPMH. A high-resolution view of the heterogeneous aging endothelium [J]. Angiogenesis, 2024, 27 (2): 129-145.