Fig. 1. A series of laser facilities developed in SIOM

Fig. 2. SG Ⅱ multifunctional platform layout (before 2023)

Fig. 3. Annual statistics of physical experiments of SG Ⅱ facility

Fig. 4. Annual success rate of physical experiments of SG Ⅱ facility

Fig. 5. SG Ⅱ eight-way facility physical diagram

Fig. 6. Physical diagram of the ninth-way facility

Fig. 7. Picture of the upgraded optical path configuration of SG Ⅱ

Fig. 8. Upgraded optical path configuration of SG Ⅱ

Fig. 9. Fundamental frequency near-field distribution (issue number: 20150721002). (a) Near-field distribution; (b) energy flow probability distribution

Fig. 10. Fundamental frequency near-field distribution (issue number: 20150721002). (a) Energy ratio around focal spot; (b) far-field image

Fig. 11. Fundamental frequency output capability of prototype under different pulse conditions (experimental value)

Fig. 12. Measurement of output capacity of tripling frequency under different pulses

Fig. 13. Near- and far-field distributions of 3ω laser output measured by PDS. (a) Near-field image; (b) far-field image

Fig. 14. Single beam triple frequency laser output in 4 consecutive experiments

Fig. 15. Output power balance of eight-beam triple laser in the fourth beam

Fig. 16. Pulse waveform. (a) Front-end output pulse waveform; (b) main amplifier output pulse waveform

Fig. 17. Physical diagram and performance of the regenerative amplifier. (a) Physical diagram of the regenerative amplifier; (b) near-field output of the regenerative amplifier; (c) energy stability of the 8-hour regenerative amplifier output; (d) square wave distortion of the regenerative amplifier output

Fig. 18. Physical diagram of the developed optical addressable spatial light modulator (left) and near-field control capability of the prototype (right)

Fig. 19. Main magnification collimation diagram of SG Ⅱ upgrade facility

Fig. 20. CSF collimation package (left) and resultant image (right)

Fig. 21. TSF collimation packet (top) and imaging results (bottom). (a) Crystal; (b) TSF-1 hole; (c) TSF-2 hole

Fig. 22. Comparison of near-field intensity and phase measurement. (a) Near-field intensity distribution measured by CMI; (b) Near-field intensity distribution measured by direct imaging; (c) near-field phase distribution measured by near-field CMI; (d) near-field phase distribution measured by Hartmann sensor

Fig. 23. Comparison of far-field intensity measurements. (a) Far-field intensity distribution obtained by CMI reconstruction; (b) far-field intensity distribution obtained by direct imaging; (c) energy surrounding the far-field focal spot in Fig.23(a); (d) energy surrounding the far-field focal spot in Fig. 23(b)

Fig. 24. FOA stray light management diagram based on glass protection

Fig. 25. Schematic diagram of the overall technical scheme of the high-energy picosecond petawatt laser system

Fig. 26. Amplified output experimental results of CPA^[44]

Fig. 27. Measurement results of SNR for high energy picosecond single pulse^[45]

Fig. 28. SG Ⅱ fs 5 PW laser facility schematic diagram. OAPM: off-axis parabolic mirror; FM: frequency modulator; AWG: arbitrary waveform generator

Fig. 29. Compression pulse width measurement of the whole spot

Fig. 30. SG Ⅱ fs 5 PW laser device. (a) Measurement of full-spectrum static optical focal spots by CCD; (b) longitudinal and transverse distributions of static focal spots; (c) signal-to-noise ratio at the focus position of the firing range

Fig. 31. Output spectrum of first-stage OPCPA

Fig. 32. Energy and stability test results

Fig. 33. Results of proton acceleration experiments. (a) Proton cutoff energy; (b) focal images; (c) electron temperature

Fig. 34. Laser path setting based on the principle of long focal length terminal of SG Ⅱ fs 5 PW laser system

Fig. 35. Overall layout diagram of the new SG Ⅱ extending laser platform

Fig. 36. Safety output level after device modification