Influence of Spatio-Temporal Walk-Off on Optimal Focusing Parameters for Frequency-Doubling of Femtosecond Pulses

Juan Li; Peng Liu; Tao Liu; Ruifang Dong; Shougang Zhang

doi:10.3788/AOS250472

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 45, Issue 7, 0732001(2025)

Influence of Spatio-Temporal Walk-Off on Optimal Focusing Parameters for Frequency-Doubling of Femtosecond Pulses

Juan Li^1,2,3, Peng Liu^1,2,3, Tao Liu^1,2,3, Ruifang Dong^1,2,3、*, and Shougang Zhang^1,2,3

Author Affiliations

¹National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, Shaanxi, China

²School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, Shaanxi, China

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Figures & Tables(8)

Fig. 1. Variation in walk-off length with walk-off angle and group velocity mismatch. (a) Variation in spatial walk-off length with walk-off angle; (b) variation in temporal walk-off length with group velocity mismatch

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Fig. 2. Variation in parameter A and parameter B with crystal length when $β$ =387 fs/mm, $τ_{p}$ =140 fs, and $ρ$ =57.2 mrad, where the blue dotted line represents the location of temporal (spatial) walk-off length

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Fig. 3. $h_{m} (A, B, ξ)$ as a function of $ξ$ for different A and B values. (a) Results of A=0 and B=1, 2, 8; (b) results of B=0 and A=1, 2, 8

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Fig. 4. Experimental setup

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Fig. 5. Second harmonic (SH) efficiency as a function of focusing parameter $ξ$ , where the solid curve is theoretical calculation result and dots are experimental measurements

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Fig. 6. Experimental results of SH power and efficiency changed with fundamental power. (a) Using a lens with focal length of 50 mm, corresponding to focusing parameter of 1.21; (b) using a lens with focal length of 250 mm, corresponding to focusing parameter of 0.02

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Table 1. Waist radius $w_{p}$ and focusing parameter $ξ$ at different focal lengths of lens
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Table 1. Waist radius $w_{p}$ and focusing parameter $ξ$ at different focal lengths of lens
f /mm $w_{p}$ / $μ m$ $ξ$
30 8.1 2.20
50 10.9 1.21
100 20.1 0.36
250 94.0 0.02

Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong ( $ξ$ =1.21) and weak ( $ξ$ =0.02) focusing conditions
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Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong ( $ξ$ =1.21) and weak ( $ξ$ =0.02) focusing conditions
Parameter Fundamental light SH light
$ξ$ =0.02 $ξ$ =1.21
Ellipticity /% 99.0 94.9 80.7
Spatial beamprofile

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Juan Li, Peng Liu, Tao Liu, Ruifang Dong, Shougang Zhang. Influence of Spatio-Temporal Walk-Off on Optimal Focusing Parameters for Frequency-Doubling of Femtosecond Pulses[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(7): 0732001

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Paper Information

Category: Ultrafast Optics

Received: Jan. 10, 2025

Accepted: Feb. 27, 2025

Published Online: Apr. 27, 2025

The Author Email: Ruifang Dong (dongruifang@ntsc.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS250472

CSTR:32393.14.AOS250472

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Waist radius wp and focusing parameter ξ at different focal lengths of lens

Table 1. Waist radius wp and focusing parameter ξ at different focal lengths of lens

Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong (ξ=1.21) and weak (ξ=0.02) focusing conditions

Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong (ξ=1.21) and weak (ξ=0.02) focusing conditions

Table 1. Waist radius $w_{p}$ and focusing parameter $ξ$ at different focal lengths of lens

Table 1. Waist radius $w_{p}$ and focusing parameter $ξ$ at different focal lengths of lens

Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong ( $ξ$ =1.21) and weak ( $ξ$ =0.02) focusing conditions

Table 2. Spatial beam profile of fundamental and SH light under strong ( $ξ$ =1.21) and weak ( $ξ$ =0.02) focusing conditions