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Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 22, Issue 9, 090009(2024)

Generation and reconfiguration of interference-pattern helico-conical beams On the Cover

Dongye Xu1,2, Shaoxiang Duan1,3,4、*, Xingyu Mao1, Wenmin Ren1, Yuan Yao1,2,4, Wei Lin1,3, Hao Zhang1,2, and Bo Liu1,2,4
Author Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Modern Optics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • 3Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • 4Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
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    Schematic diagram for the generation of the (a) original HCBs and (b) width-extended HCBs. FT, Fourier transform; f, focal length. The insets embedded in initial planes represent the truncation functions.

    Fig. 1. Schematic diagram for the generation of the (a) original HCBs and (b) width-extended HCBs. FT, Fourier transform; f, focal length. The insets embedded in initial planes represent the truncation functions.

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    Azimuthal phase Φa as functions of azimuth angle θ for different reconfigured HCB patterns. (a) Exponential type case; (b) sine type case; (c1)–(c2) chirped-oscillation type case, and m = 3 in (c1) and m = 5 in (c2).

    Fig. 2. Azimuthal phase Φa as functions of azimuth angle θ for different reconfigured HCB patterns. (a) Exponential type case; (b) sine type case; (c1)–(c2) chirped-oscillation type case, and m = 3 in (c1) and m = 5 in (c2).

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    Schematic diagram of the experimental setup. HWP, half-wave plate; Pol., polarizer; L1–L5, lenses; M, plane mirror; SLM, spatial light modulator (1920 pixel × 1080 pixel, 8 µm pitch); BS, beam splitter; CCD, charge-coupled device.

    Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup. HWP, half-wave plate; Pol., polarizer; L1–L5, lenses; M, plane mirror; SLM, spatial light modulator (1920 pixel × 1080 pixel, 8 µm pitch); BS, beam splitter; CCD, charge-coupled device.

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    Ordinary interference-pattern HCBs. (a1)–(a6) Phase distributions in the initial plane; (b1)–(b6) numerical simulation results of intensity distributions in the observation plane. The red dots label the number of fringes. (c1)–(c6) Experimental results corresponding to (b1)–(b6).

    Fig. 4. Ordinary interference-pattern HCBs. (a1)–(a6) Phase distributions in the initial plane; (b1)–(b6) numerical simulation results of intensity distributions in the observation plane. The red dots label the number of fringes. (c1)–(c6) Experimental results corresponding to (b1)–(b6).

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    Phase distribution of HCBs in the observation plane. (a1)–(a3) Type-S: l1 = 3, l2 = 7 and their interference pattern. The black circle labels the singularity point. (b1)–(b3) Type-O: l1 = 1, l2 = −3 and their interference pattern. The black arrows label the singularity point. The green curvilinear arrows label the phase gradient.

    Fig. 5. Phase distribution of HCBs in the observation plane. (a1)–(a3) Type-S: l1 = 3, l2 = 7 and their interference pattern. The black circle labels the singularity point. (b1)–(b3) Type-O: l1 = 1, l2 = −3 and their interference pattern. The black arrows label the singularity point. The green curvilinear arrows label the phase gradient.

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    Complex interference-pattern HCBs. (a1)–(a4) Intensity distributions in the case of exponential type (l1 = 3, l2 = 6); (c1)–(c4) intensity distributions in the case of exponential type (l1 = 1, l2 = −3); (e1)–(e4) intensity distributions in the case of sine type (l1 = 3, l2 = 6); (g1)–(g4) intensity distributions in the case of chirped-oscillation type (l1 = 1, l2 = −3); (b1)–(b4), (d1)–(d4), (f1)–(f4), and (h1)–(h4) show the corresponding experimental results, respectively. The red arrows label the number of knee points.

    Fig. 6. Complex interference-pattern HCBs. (a1)–(a4) Intensity distributions in the case of exponential type (l1 = 3, l2 = 6); (c1)–(c4) intensity distributions in the case of exponential type (l1 = 1, l2 = −3); (e1)–(e4) intensity distributions in the case of sine type (l1 = 3, l2 = 6); (g1)–(g4) intensity distributions in the case of chirped-oscillation type (l1 = 1, l2 = −3); (b1)–(b4), (d1)–(d4), (f1)–(f4), and (h1)–(h4) show the corresponding experimental results, respectively. The red arrows label the number of knee points.

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    Combinations of interference-pattern HCBs. (a1) “Tornado” pattern; (a2) “cloud” pattern; (a3) “sea wave” pattern; (a4) “butterfly” pattern; (b1)–(b4) show the corresponding experimental results, respectively.

    Fig. 7. Combinations of interference-pattern HCBs. (a1) “Tornado” pattern; (a2) “cloud” pattern; (a3) “sea wave” pattern; (a4) “butterfly” pattern; (b1)–(b4) show the corresponding experimental results, respectively.

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    Dongye Xu, Shaoxiang Duan, Xingyu Mao, Wenmin Ren, Yuan Yao, Wei Lin, Hao Zhang, Bo Liu, "Generation and reconfiguration of interference-pattern helico-conical beams," Chin. Opt. Lett. 22, 090009 (2024)

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    Paper Information

    Special Issue: SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE 40TH ANNIVERSARY OF INSTITUTE OF MODERN OPTICS, NANKAI UNIVERSITY

    Received: Apr. 29, 2024

    Accepted: Jul. 30, 2024

    Published Online: Aug. 30, 2024

    The Author Email: Shaoxiang Duan (sxduan@nankai.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/COL202422.090009

    CSTR:32184.14.COL202422.090009

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology