[1] [1] Li Lin, Syed W U H, Pinkerton A J. Rapid additive manufacturing of functionally graded structures using simultaneous wire and powder laser deposition[J]. Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2006, 1(4): 217-225.

[4] [4] Ya Wei, Pathiraj B, Liu Shaojie.2D modelling of clad geometry and resulting thermal cycles during laser cladding[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016, 230: 217-232.

[5] [5] Li Y, Zhou K, Tan P, et al. Modeling temperature and residual stress fields in selective laser melting[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2017, 136: 24-35.

[6] [6] Song M J, Wu L S, Liu J M, et al. Effects of laser cladding on crack resistance improvement for aluminum alloy used in aircraft skin[J]. Optics and Laser Technology, 2021, 133: 106531.

[7] [7] Gao Wenyan, Zhao Shusen, Wang Yibo, et al. Numerical simulation of thermal field and Fe-based coating doped Ti[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 92: 83-90.

[9] [9] Knapp G L, Mukherjee T, Zuback J S, et al. Building blocks for a digital twin of additive manufacturing[J]. Acta Materialia, 2017, 135: 390-399.

[10] [10] Bayat M, Nadimpalli V K, Biondani F G, et al. On the role of the powder stream on the heat and fluid flow conditions during directed energy deposition of maraging steel-multiphysics modelling and experimental validation[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2021, 43(3): 102021.

[11] [11] Wang Shuhao, Zhu Lida, Fuh Jerry Ying Hsi, et al. Multi-physics modeling and Gaussian process regression analysis of cladding track geometry for direct energy deposition[J]. Optics & Lasers in Engineering, 2020, 127: 105950.

[12] [12] He X, Mazumder J. Transport phenomena during direct metal deposition[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 101(5): 053113-053113-9.

[13] [13] Gan Z T, Yu G, He X L, et al. Numerical simulation of thermal behavior and multicomponent mass transfer in direct laser deposition of Co-base alloy on steel[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 104: 28-38.

[14] [14] Zhang Tao, Li Hui, Liu Sheng, et al. Evolution of molten pool during selective laser melting of Ti-6Al-4V[J]. Journal of Physics D-applied Physics, 2018, 52(5): 055302.

[15] [15] Han L, Phatak Km, Liou Fw. Modeling of laser cladding with powder injection[J]. Metallurgical and Materials transactions B, 2004, 35(6): 1139-1150.

[16] [16] Mahmood Muhammad Arif, Popescu Andrei C, Oane Mihai, et al. Three-jet powder flow and laser-powder interaction in laser melting deposition: modelling versus experimental correlations[J]. Metals, 2020, 10: 1113.

[17] [17] He X, Yu G, Mazumder J. Temperature and composition profile during double-track laser cladding of H13 tool steel[J]. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics, 2010, 43(1): 015502.

[18] [18] Su Y, Li Z, Mills K C. Equation to estimate the surface tensions of stainless steels[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(9-10): 2201-2205.

[19] [19] Wang L P, Zhang D C, Chen C Z, et al. Multi-physics field coupling and microstructure numerical simulation of laser cladding for engine crankshaft based on CA-FE method and experimental study[J]. Surface Coatings Technology, 2022, 438: 128396.

[20] [20] Wu Jiazhu, Ren Song, Zhang Yi, et al. Influence of spatial laser beam profiles on thermal-fluid transport during laser-based directed energy deposition[J]. Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2021, 16(4): 444-459.