Fig. 1. Principle of the integral pixel search algorithm

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of simulating transverse wind with multilayer phase screens

Fig. 3. Dynamic phase screen obtained by simulation

Fig. 4. Position and moving direction of phase screens

Fig. 5. Relationship between the moving speed of the shadow and the transverse wind speed. (a) Moving direction of the phase screen is the same; (b) moving direction of the phase screen is different

Fig. 6. Influence of local transverse wind on the speed of shadow movement. (a) Relationship between the moving speed of shadow and the average transverse wind speed of path; (b) relationship between the moving speed of shadow and the position of local transverse wind

Fig. 7. Influence of sampling frequency on the calculation result of shadow movement speed. (a) Relationship between horizontal movement speed and wind speed at different sampling frequencies; (b) maximum wind speed that can be distinguished at different sampling frequencies

Fig. 8. Experiment scene

Fig. 9. Consecutive 3 frames of laser spot images

Fig. 10. Experimental results. (a) Relationship between the moving speed of shadow and the measured wind speed; (b) comparison between the fitted wind speed and the measured wind speed

Fig. 11. Displacement vector diagram of the shadow image