Vortex Fiber Supporting Tunable and Higher-Order Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

Lijuan Zhao; Huanqiu Jiang; Zhiniu Xu

doi:10.3788/AOS202242.2206001

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 42, Issue 22, 2206001(2022)

Vortex Fiber Supporting Tunable and Higher-Order Orbital Angular Momentum Modes

Lijuan Zhao^1,2,3, Huanqiu Jiang¹, and Zhiniu Xu^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei , China

²Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei , China

³Baoding Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Optical Communication Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei , China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(16)

Fig. 1. Cross-section view of simulated fiber structure

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Fig. 2. Electric field distribution along z direction for typical eigenmodes. (a) Odd mode of HE_5,1; (b) odd mode of EH_3,1; (c) even mode of HE_22,1; (d) odd mode of EH_30,1; (e) even mode of HE_41,1, (f) odd mode of EH_39,1

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Fig. 3. OAM modes generated by superposition of typical eigenmodes (odd and even modes) through phase diagrams. (a) HE $_{23,1}^{e v e n}$ +HE $_{23,1}^{o d d}$ =OAM $_{+ 22,1}^{+}$ ; （b） HE $_{19,1}^{e v e n}$ +HE $_{19,1}^{o d d}$ =OAM $_{+ 20,1}^{-}$

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$Effective refractive index and effective refractive index difference of different modes. (a)(b) Effective refractive index of different eigenmodes varying with wavelength; (c) effective refractive index difference of different OAM modes varying with wavelength$

Fig. 4. Effective refractive index and effective refractive index difference of different modes. (a)(b) Effective refractive index of different eigenmodes varying with wavelength; (c) effective refractive index difference of different OAM modes varying with wavelength

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Fig. 5. Confinement loss varying with wavelength. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 6. Effective mode area varying with wavelength. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 7. Nonlinear coefficient varying with wavelength. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 8. Mode purity varying with wavelength. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 9. Dispersion varying with wavelength. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 10. Vortex fiber preform fabrication method

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Fig. 11. Stable supported OAM modes at different bending radii (illustration is schematic diagram of fiber bending)

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Fig. 12. Mode purity varying with bending radius. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 13. Bending loss of mode under R=5 mm. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Fig. 14. Mode purity under R=5 mm. (a) HE mode; (b) EH mode

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Table 1. Modes supported stably by vortex fiber

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Table 1. Modes supported stably by vortex fiber

HE mode	EH mode	OAM mode
HE $_{22,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{22,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{20,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{20,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_21，1×4
HE $_{23,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{23,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{21,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{21,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_22，1×4
HE $_{24,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{24,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{22,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{22,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_23，1×4
HE $_{25,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{25,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{23,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{23,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_24，1×4
HE $_{26,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{26,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{24,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{24,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_25，1×4
HE $_{27,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{27,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{25,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{25,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_26，1×4
HE $_{28,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{28,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{26,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{26,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_27，1×4
HE $_{29,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{29,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{27,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{27,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_28，1×4
HE $_{30,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{30,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{28,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{28,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_29，1×4
HE $_{31,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{31,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{29,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{29,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_30，1×4
HE $_{32,1}^{e v e n}$ ， HE $_{32,1}^{o d d}$	EH $_{30,1}^{e v e n}$ ， EH $_{30,1}^{o d d}$	OAM_31，1×4

Table 2. Comparison between current vortex fiber with vortex fiber proposed in this paper

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Table 2. Comparison between current vortex fiber with vortex fiber proposed in this paper

Ref.	Δn_eff	l	Confinement loss /（dB∙m^-1）	Dispersion / （ps∙km^-1∙nm^-1）	A_eff /μm²	γ /（km^-1∙W^-1）	OAM purity /%
［7］	>1×10^-4	1-8		-0.26-1.62	<100
［8］	>1×10^-4	1-4	<10^-3	75-375		2.0-3.6
［9］	>1×10^-2	1-2	10^-6-10²	-400-600	5-9	12-21
［10］	>1×10^-4	1-5& 7-16	10^-8-10^-7	100-2300			>80
［11］	>1×10^-4	1-5			36-71	1.25-2.65
［12］	>1×10^-4	1-7	10^-10-10^-6	25-300	37-67	1-9
［13］	>1×10^-3	1-4	>10^-11
Proposed	>1×10^-3	21-31	10^-13-10^-8	20-80	122-149	0.65-0.89	>94.5

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Lijuan Zhao, Huanqiu Jiang, Zhiniu Xu. Vortex Fiber Supporting Tunable and Higher-Order Orbital Angular Momentum Modes[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2022, 42(22): 2206001

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Paper Information

Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications

Received: Apr. 25, 2022

Accepted: May. 22, 2022

Published Online: Nov. 7, 2022

The Author Email: Xu Zhiniu (wzcnjxx@163.com)

DOI:10.3788/AOS202242.2206001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology