Fig. 1. Experimental setup of the optical electric-power sensor based on cascaded electro-optic (EO) crystal and magneto-optical (MO) glass[24]

Fig. 2. Experimental setup of the optical electric-power sensor based on bismuth germanate crystal[25]

Fig. 3. Schematic of the optical electric-power sensing unit based on a lithium niobate crystal[32]

Fig. 4. Schematics of the microwave power sensor based on electro-optic effect. (a) Electro-optic probe by using single LiTaO3 crystal[46]; (b) experimental setup of microwave power measurement based on integrated photonic waveguide electric field sensor[48]

Fig. 5. Schematics of microwave power sensor based on silicon microwave thermal effect in silicon chip[56]. (a) Microwave power sensing unit by using silicon chip and optical fiber; (b) experimental setup of microwave power sensing

Fig. 6. Optical electric-power sensor based on fiber Bragg grating. (a) Magnetic field force; (b) inverse piezoelectric effect of the PZT

Fig. 7. Schematics of opto-electronic electric-power sensing units. (a) Space electric field, magnetic field, and corresponding Poynting vector sensing unit composed of two semi-circular metal loop antennas between two gaps[61]; (b) spark gap with optical fiber[62]