Process Parameter Optimization for Oscillating Laser Welding of Aluminum Sheet Considering Carbon Emission

Fig. 9. Joint hardness distributions before and after optimization of process parameters. (a) Horizontal hardness distribution; (b) vertical hardness distribution

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Fig. 10. Test results of maximum joint bearing capacity

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Fig. 11. Carbon emission content test results of welding process

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Fig. 12. Contribution of welding process parameters on different welding results. (a) Depth; (b) weld width of lap surface; (c) maximum bearing capacity; (d) carbon emission

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Table 1. Chemical composition of 6061 aluminum alloy for experiment
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Table 1. Chemical composition of 6061 aluminum alloy for experiment
Element Mg Si Fe Cu Mn Cr Zn Ti Al
Mass fraction /% 1.15 0.65 0.7 0.35 0.15 0.3 0.25 0.15 Bal.

Table 2. Mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy for experiment
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Table 2. Mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy for experiment
Status Tensile strength /MPa Yield strength /MPa Microhardness /MPa Elongation /%
6061-T6 309.5 279.2 85 11.96

Table 3. Sample point data of weld morphology size, maximum joint bearing capacity, and carbon emission

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Table 3. Sample point data of weld morphology size, maximum joint bearing capacity, and carbon emission

No.	Power /kW	Speed /（mm·s^-1）	Frequency /Hz	Amplitude /mm	Depth /μm	Width /μm	Bearing capacity /kN	Carbon emission /g
1	4.27	42.8	226	1.6	1710	2085	5.33	34.858
2	4.79	44.9	240	2.1	1538	2280	5.47	35.502
3	4.15	49.5	104	1.8	2179	2687	5.36	32.312
4	4.88	44.6	118	2.4	2007	2984	4.76	34.179
5	4.35	43.2	113	2.5	1726	2836	4.90	34.464
6	4.50	46.0	169	2.0	1599	2317	5.14	33.158
7	4.68	40.7	146	1.6	2483	2649	5.29	35.719
8	4.59	52.0	151	1.9	1852	2269	4.75	30.710
9	4.74	50.6	108	2.4	1995	2855	4.37	31.097
10	4.94	48.1	188	2.4	1527	2445	5.41	32.757
11	4.91	49.2	202	1.8	1862	2268	5.23	31.705
12	4.53	40.4	212	1.9	1711	2323	5.14	35.420
13	5.00	42.5	174	2.0	2117	2555	5.31	35.734
14	4.18	41.4	99	2.1	1863	2772	5.23	34.604
15	4.21	41.1	179	2.3	1346	2389	5.43	34.768
16	4.09	51.3	184	1.8	1412	2058	5.34	30.039
17	4.12	41.8	155	1.7	2019	2578	4.96	34.480
18	4.71	42.1	193	2.4	1464	2545	5.08	35.206
19	4.29	47.4	160	1.5	1982	2327	4.91	31.397
20	4.44	47.8	165	2.5	1108	462	1.44	32.476
21	4.97	48.8	127	2.0	2301	2694	4.96	33.148
22	4.62	40.0	132	2.1	2005	2703	4.83	36.608
23	4.47	47.1	85	2.1	2397	2917	4.95	32.480
24	4.41	48.5	235	1.7	1555	1963	5.04	31.774
25	4.00	45.7	207	1.9	1292	2135	5.62	32.613
26	4.24	51.7	122	2.2	1525	2380	5.12	30.373

Table 4. Relative error results of optimal process parameter combination

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Table 4. Relative error results of optimal process parameter combination

No.	P /kW	V /（mm·s^-1）	F /Hz	A /mm	Type of values	Results
No.	P /kW	V /（mm·s^-1）	F /Hz	A /mm	Type of values	E_CE /g	D_DP /μm	W_BW /μm	F /kN
1#	4.85	48.8	86	2.3	Predicted value	32.121	2225	3090	4.76
					Actual value	31.736	2310	3148	4.87
					Relative error /%	1.2	3.7	1.8	2.3
2#	4.06	52	106	2.0	Predicted value	31.506	1743	2646	5.72
					Actual value	30.892	1700	2296	5.32
					Relative error /%	2.0	2.5	15.2	7.5

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Linjun Zhong, Yongjie Tao, Ping Jiang, Leshi Shu. Process Parameter Optimization for Oscillating Laser Welding of Aluminum Sheet Considering Carbon Emission[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(23): 2314002

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