Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 40, Issue 20, 2010002(2020)
An Image Zero Watermarking Technology Based on Ameliorated Singular Value and Subblock Mapping
Figures & Tables(11)
Fig. 2. Process of constructing zero watermark and extracting copyright watermark. (a) Generate zero watermark; (b) extract copyright watermark
Fig. 3. Carrier images and copyright watermark. (a) Baboon image; (b) barbara image; (c) boat image; (d) couple image; (e) elaine image; (f) goldhill image; (g) lena image; (h) paper image; (i) sailboat image; (j) copyright logo; (k) watermark mapped; (l) QR code
Fig. 4. Relationship between the change rate of maximum singular value and modulation factors. (a) Gaussian noise (0.3); (b) median filtering (template size 11×11); (c) JPEG compression (compression factor 10); (d) rotation attack (5°); (e) column and column offset (5 rows down); (f) crop attack (upper left 1/4)
Fig. 5. Combined attack. (a) Gaussian noise+rotation attack; (b) shear attack+Gaussian noise; (c) salt and pepper noise+JPEG compression; (d) median filter+rotation attack; (e) rotation attack+row and column offset; (f) shear attack+JPEG
Fig. 6. Zero watermark security test. (a) Baboon image; (b) barbara image; (c) boat image; (d) couple image; (e) elaine image; (f) goldhill image; (g) lena image; (h) paper image; (i) sailboat image
Fig. 7. Comparison results of different algorithms. (a) Gaussian noise; (b) median filter; (c) JPEG compression; (d) rotation attack; (e) row and colum offset; (f) crop position
Table 1. Experiment results of false alarm rate
View tableTable 1. Experiment results of false alarm rate
Item Baboon Barbara Boat Couple Elaine Goldhill Lena Paper Sailboat Baboon 1.0000 0.4981 0.7067 0.6744 0.7280 0.5317 0.6151 0.6963 0.6087 Barbara 0.4981 1.0000 0.5504 0.6036 0.5129 0.6498 0.5856 0.5682 0.6564 Boat 0.7067 0.5504 1.0000 0.7372 0.7297 0.7150 0.7157 0.6268 0.6793 Couple 0.6744 0.6036 0.7372 1.0000 0.6855 0.7135 0.7638 0.6725 0.7280 Elaine 0.7280 0.5129 0.7297 0.6855 1.0000 0.6703 0.7372 0.6538 0.6391 Goldhill 0.5317 0.6498 0.7150 0.7135 0.6703 1.0000 0.7274 0.5915 0.7355 Lena 0.6151 0.5856 0.7157 0.7638 0.7372 0.7274 1.0000 0.5604 0.7640 Paper 0.6963 0.5682 0.6268 0.6725 0.6538 0.5915 0.5604 1.0000 0.5219 Sailboat 0.6087 0.6564 0.6793 0.7280 0.6391 0.7355 0.7640 0.5219 1.0000
Table 2. Experimental results of non-geometry attack
View tableTable 2. Experimental results of non-geometry attack
Attack type Parameter Baboon Barbara Boat Couple Elaine Goldhill Lena Paper Sailboat Salt & pepper noise 0.01 0.9948 0.9983 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0.9974 0.9983 0.9974 0.9965 0.05 0.9878 0.9913 0.9931 0.9861 0.9948 0.9895 0.9983 0.9922 0.9957 Gaussian noise 0.01 0.9887 0.9931 0.9930 0.9800 0.9922 0.9861 0.9931 0.9904 0.9930 0.05 0.9809 0.9843 0.9825 0.9660 0.9835 0.9801 0.9844 0.9869 0.9737 Speckle noise 0.01 0.9931 0.9983 0.9965 0.9948 1.0000 0.9948 0.9983 0.9974 1.0000 0.05 0.9861 0.9983 0.9930 0.9896 0.9965 0.9930 0.9930 0.9931 0.9896 Median filtering 3×3 0.9948 0.9965 1.0000 0.9948 1.0000 0.9983 0.9965 1.0000 0.9895 9×9 0.9801 0.9913 0.9853 0.9878 0.9965 0.9965 0.9913 0.9931 0.9825 Wiener filtering 3×3 0.9965 0.9983 1.0000 0.9983 1.0000 0.9965 1.0000 1.0000 0.9930 9×9 0.9931 0.9913 0.9913 0.9965 1.0000 0.9965 0.9948 0.9965 0.9895 Low pass filtering 3×3 0.9913 1.0000 0.9965 0.9983 0.9983 0.9965 0.9983 0.9965 0.9930 9×9 0.9913 0.9965 0.9948 0.9983 0.9983 0.9965 0.9983 0.9965 0.9860 JPEG compression 10 1.0000 0.9965 0.9913 1.0000 0.9965 0.9939 0.9965 0.9983 0.9965 50 1.0000 1.0000 0.9965 0.9983 1.0000 0.9983 0.9983 0.9974 1.0000
Table 3. Experimental results of geometry attack
View tableTable 3. Experimental results of geometry attack
Attack type Item Baboon Barbara Boat Couple Elaine Goldhill Lena Paper Sailboat Rotation /(°) 1 0.9776 0.9819 0.9755 0.9704 0.9754 0.9755 0.9836 0.9801 0.9577 2 0.9538 0.9512 0.9549 0.9567 0.9533 0.9613 0.9837 0.9625 0.9376 5 0.9036 0.9148 0.9109 0.8998 0.8755 0.8977 0.9377 0.8811 0.9038 Cutting Upper left 1/4 0.9392 0.9705 0.9396 0.9314 0.9447 0.9471 0.9555 0.9623 0.9755 Center 1/4 0.9368 0.9623 0.9447 0.9461 0.9633 0.9639 0.9515 0.9441 0.9650 Bottom right 1/4 0.9498 0.9621 0.9416 0.9594 0.9314 0.9737 0.9602 0.9657 0.9477 Move 1 line 0.9948 0.9878 0.9939 0.9913 1.0000 0.9930 0.9983 0.9861 0.9965 2 line 0.9931 0.9843 0.9869 0.9861 0.9983 0.9792 0.9965 0.9843 0.9869 5 column 0.9514 0.9586 0.9755 0.9574 0.9684 0.9531 0.9406 0.9492 0.9489
Table 4. Performance comparison between SVD and ASVD
View tableTable 4. Performance comparison between SVD and ASVD
Attack type Parameter SVD ASVD NC BER /% NC BER /% Gaussian noise 0.2 0.3777 52.34 0.9913 0.98 Median filtering 5×5 0.6923 30.57 1.0000 0.00 JPE compression 20 0.5952 39.16 0.9983 0.20 Rotation /(°) 2 0.3058 53.91 0.9575 4.79 Cutting Upper left1/4 0.9121 9.47 0.9648 3.91 Move 5 line 0.3097 54.39 0.9895 1.17
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Deyang Wu, Jing Zhao, Guoping Wang, Xiaodan Zhang, Sheng Li, Yong Tang, Changbo Qu. An Image Zero Watermarking Technology Based on Ameliorated Singular Value and Subblock Mapping[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(20): 2010002
Paper Information
Category: Image Processing
Received: May. 8, 2020
Accepted: Jul. 6, 2020
Published Online: Sep. 30, 2020
The Author Email: Zhao Jing (zhaojing@ysu.edu.cn), Wang Guoping (wgp@pku.edu.cn), Tang Yong (tangyong@ysu.edu.cn)
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