Ultrafast carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical response of InAsP nanowires

Fig. 1. (a) SEM image of InAsP NWs on quartz substrate. The inset is a higher-resolution SEM image, which shows the NW diameter of ∼50 nm. (b) AFM image of InAsP NWs. (c) Height profiles along the line in the AFM image. (d) EDX measurement of InAsP NWs along the growth direction. (e) Raman spectrum measured using a 532 nm laser. (f) Room-temperature PL spectrum of InAsP NWs.

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Fig. 2. (a) Experimental setup of the nondegenerate pump-probe measurement. (b) Differential transmission of InAsP NWs at different pump pulse energies with a 675 nm probe laser. (c) Relationship between maximum differential transmission and initial photoinduced carrier density. (d) Linear fit to (n0/nt)2−1 as a function of pump-probe delay time and initial photoinduced carrier density.

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Fig. 3. Characterization of the NLO properties of the InAsP NWs. OA Z-scan measurements of the InAsP NWs at (a) 532 nm and (c) 1064 nm. CA Z-scan measurements of the InAsP NWs at (b) 532 nm and (d) 1064 nm.

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Fig. 4. Mode-locked laser results based on InAsP NWs. (a) Average output power versus absorbed pump power. (b) The measured pulse width by autocorrelation spectroscopy is ∼426 fs. Inset: corresponding spectrum centered at 1043 nm. (c) Recorded frequency spectrum of the mode-locked laser with an RBW of 10 kHz. Inset: 1 GHz wide-span spectrum. (d) Recorded CWML pulse trains under the maximum pump power.

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Fig. 5. (a)–(c) Nonlinear transmittance of the InAsP NWs at the wavelength of 532 nm with different incident pulse energies. (d)–(f) Nonlinear transmittance of the InAsP NWs at the wavelength of 1064 nm with different incident pulse energies.

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Fig. 6. Experimental setup of the mode-locked solid-state bulk laser based on an InAsP NWs SA.

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Table 1. Fitted Parameters on the Carrier Relaxation Time of InAsP NWs from Eq. (1)

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Table 1. Fitted Parameters on the Carrier Relaxation Time of InAsP NWs from Eq. (1)

Pump Energy Intensity ( $μJ / {cm}^{2}$ )	$τ_{1}$ (ps)	$τ_{2}$ (ps)	$A_{1}$	$A_{2}$
47.7	$1.89 \pm 0.93$	$19.27 \pm 0.89$	0.192	0.803
79.6	$2.53 \pm 1.65$	$11.17 \pm 0.67$	0.145	0.855
127.3	$2.26 \pm 0.65$	$10.79 \pm 0.49$	0.228	0.772
175.1	$1.77 \pm 0.59$	$10.12 \pm 0.55$	0.250	0.750
197.4	$2.65 \pm 1.20$	$7.95 \pm 0.78$	0.252	0.748

Table 2. Comparison of β_eff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials

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Table 2. Comparison of β_eff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials

Materials	Laser Parameters	$β_{eff}$ (cm/GW)	$n_{2}$ ( $m^{2} / W$ )	Reference
Graphene	1030 nm, 1 kHz, 340 fs	$- (19.27 \pm 0.89) \times 10^{- 2}$	$- 13.7 \times 10^{- 16}$	[38]
${MoS}_{2}$	532 nm, 10 kHz, 100 ps	$- 26.2 \pm 8.8$	$- (2.5 \pm 1.2) \times 10^{- 16}$	[38]
${WS}_{2}$	1064 nm, 20 Hz, 25 ps	$- 5.1 \pm 0.26$	$(5.83 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{- 15}$	[39]
BP	800 nm, 10 kHz, 100 fs	$- 1.38 \times 10^{- 2}$	—	[40]
MXene	800 nm, 1 kHz, 95 fs	−0.07	$- 3.47 \times 10^{- 20}$	[41]
InAs NWs	1064 nm, 50 kHz, 100 ns	$- 1 \times 10^{8}$	—	[42]
InAsP NWs	532 nm, 200 kHz, 10 ps	$- (2.07 \pm 0.02) \times 10^{5}$	$(2.39 \pm 0.03) \times 10^{- 13}$	This work
InAsP NWs	1064 nm, 200 kHz, 10 ps	$- (1.44 \pm 0.01) \times 10^{5}$	$(2.73 \pm 0.02) \times 10^{- 13}$	This work

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Junting Liu, He Yang, Vladislav Khayrudinov, Harri Lipsanen, Hongkun Nie, Kejian Yang, Baitao Zhang, Jingliang He, "Ultrafast carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical response of InAsP nanowires," Photonics Res. 9, 1811 (2021)

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Paper Information

Category: Nonlinear Optics

Received: Apr. 27, 2021

Accepted: Jul. 6, 2021

Published Online: Aug. 24, 2021

The Author Email: Hongkun Nie (hknie@sdu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.1364/PRJ.430172

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Fitted Parameters on the Carrier Relaxation Time of InAsP NWs from Eq. (1)

Table 1. Fitted Parameters on the Carrier Relaxation Time of InAsP NWs from Eq. (1)

Table 2. Comparison of βeff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials

Table 2. Comparison of βeff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials

Table 2. Comparison of β_eff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials

Table 2. Comparison of β_eff and n2 Values between InAsP NWs and Other Nanomaterials