[1] [1] Ortega MA, De Leon-Oliva D, Gimeno-Longas MJ, et al. Vascular calcification: molecular networking, pathological implications and translational opportunities[J]. Biomolecules, 2024, 14(3): 275.

[2] [2] Bolean M, Izzi B, van Kerckhoven S, et al. Matrix vesicle biomimetics harboring Annexin A5 and alkaline phosphatase bind to the native collagen matrix produced by mineralizing vascular smooth muscle cells[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj, 2020, 1864(8): 129629.

[3] [3] Li T, Yu H, Zhang D, et al. Matrix vesicles as a therapeutic target for vascular calcification[J]. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2022, 10: 825622.

[4] [4] Liu WW, Liu ML. Vascular calcification: where is the cure?[J]. Chin Med Sci J, 2024, 39(3): 198-210.

[5] [5] Perell J, Ferrer MD, Del Mar Prez M, et al. Mechanism of action of SNF472, a novel calcification inhibitor to treat vascular calcification and calciphylaxis[J]. Br J Pharmacol, 2020, 177(19): 4400-4415.

[6] [6] Kang JH, Kawano T, Murata M, et al. Vascular calcification and cellular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets[J]. Life Sci, 2024, 336: 122309.

[7] [7] Urea Torres P, Chazot C. Calcifications cardiovasculaires chez le patient dialys[J]. Nphrologie Thrapeutique, 2023, 19(6): 532-541.

[8] [8] Masumoto A, Sonou T, Ohya M, et al. Calcium overload accelerates phosphate-induced vascular calcification via pit-1, but not the calcium-sensing receptor[J]. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2017, 24(7): 716-724.

[9] [9] Baby D, Upadhyay M, Joseph MD, et al. Calciphylaxis and its diagnosis: a review[J]. J Family Med Prim Care, 2019, 8(9): 2763-2767.

[10] [10] Park HJ, Kim Y, Kim MK, et al. Inhibition of the Semaphorin 4D-Plexin-B1 axis prevents calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells[J]. BMB Rep, 2023, 56(2): 160-165.

[11] [11] Ma WQ, Sun XJ, Wang Y, et al. Restoring mitochondrial biogenesis with metformin attenuates -GP-induced phenotypic transformation of VSMCs into an osteogenic phenotype via inhibition of PDK4/oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis[J]. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2019, 479: 39-53.

[12] [12] Lomashvili KA, Monier-Faugere MC, Wang X, et al. Effect of bisphosphonates on vascular calcification and bone metabolism in experimental renal failure[J]. Kidney Int, 2009, 75(6): 617-625.

[13] [13] Gheorghe SR, Vermeer C, Olteanu G, et al. The active isoforms of MGP are expressed in healthy and varicose veins without calcification[J]. J Clin Med, 2021, 10(24): 5896.

[14] [14] Addison WN, McKee MD. Inositol hexakisphosphate inhibits mineralization of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cultures[J]. Bone, 2010, 46(4): 1100-1107.

[15] [15] Wang J, Zhou JJ, Robertson GR, et al. Vitamin D in vascular calcification: a double-edged sword?[J]. Nutrients, 2018, 10(5): 652.

[16] [16] Villa-Bellosta R. Role of the extracellular ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism cycle in vascular calcification[J]. Purinergic Signal, 2023, 19(2): 345-352.

[17] [17] Ferrer MD, Ketteler M, Tur F, et al. Characterization of SNF472 pharmacokinetics and efficacy in uremic and non-uremic rats models of cardiovascular calcification[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(5): e0197061.

[18] [18] Perell J, Joubert PH, Ferrer MD, et al. First-time-in-human randomized clinical trial in healthy volunteers and haemodialysis patients with SNF472, a novel inhibitor of vascular calcification[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2018, 84(12): 2867-2876.

[19] [19] Wu X, Shen S, Wu J, et al. ENPP1 ameliorates vascular calcification via inhibiting the osteogenic transformation of VSMCs and generating PPi[J]. Open Med (Wars), 2023, 18(1): 20230861.

[20] [20] Voelkl J, Egli-Spichtig D, Alesutan I, et al. Inflammation: a putative link between phosphate metabolism and cardiovascular disease[J]. Clin Sci (Lond), 2021, 135(1): 201-227.

[21] [21] Salcedo C, Joubert PH, Ferrer MD, et al. A phase 1b randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with SNF472 in haemodialysis patients[J]. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2019, 85(4): 796-806.

[22] [22] Brandenburg VM, Sinha S, Torregrosa JV, et al. Improvement in wound healing, pain, and quality of life after 12 weeks of SNF472 treatment: a phase 2 open-label study of patients with calciphylaxis[J]. J Nephrol, 2019, 32(5): 811-821.

[23] [23] Bellasi A, Raggi P, Bover J, et al. Trial design and baseline characteristics of CaLIPSO: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of SNF472 in patients receiving haemodialysis with cardiovascular calcification[J]. Clin Kidney J, 2019, 14(1): 366-374.

[24] [24] Raggi P, Bellasi A, Bushinsky D, et al. Slowing progression of cardiovascular calcification with SNF472 in patients on hemodialysis: results of a randomized phase 2b study[J]. Circulation, 2020, 141(9): 728-739.

[25] [25] Raggi P, Bellasi A, Sinha S, et al. Effects of SNF472, a novel inhibitor of hydroxyapatite crystallization in patients receiving hemodialysis-subgroup analyses of the CALIPSO trial[J]. Kidney Int Rep, 2020, 5(12): 2178-2182.

[26] [26] Perell J, Alberti J, Torres JV, et al. Hexasodium fytate exposure-response correlations in a randomized, placebo-controlled study of patients on dialysis with cardiovascular calcification[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2024, 15: 1325186.

[27] [27] Sinha S, Nigwekar SU, Brandenburg V, et al. Hexasodium fytate for the treatment of calciphylaxis: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled trial with an open-label extension[J]. EClinicalMedicine, 2024, 75: 102784.

[28] [28] Cozzolino M, Maffei Faccioli F, Cara A, et al. Future treatment of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease[J]. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2023, 24(18): 2041-2057.