Fig. 1. Experimental setup for laser-MIG hybrid welding. (a) KR60HA robot; (b) TruDisk-12003 disk laser; (c) TPS 5000 Fronius welding machine

Fig. 2. Schematic of 6061 aluminum alloy laser-MIG hybrid welding. (a) Schematic of three-dimensional welding; (b) longitudinal section in the welding process

Fig. 3. Weld formation and cross-section of weld at different energy ratio coefficients. (a)(b)(c) Weld forming; (d)(e)(f) cross-section of weld

Fig. 4. Weld width and penetration of weld in different locations. (a) Weld width; (b) weld penetration

Fig. 5. Pore distribution in interior and cross-section of weld. (a)(b)(c) Interior; (d)(e)(f) cross-section

Fig. 6. Pore distribution in different energy ratio coefficients. (a) Maximum and mean diameters of pores; (b) porosity

Fig. 7. Cross-section images of weld and morphology of pores in different areas of weld cross-section. (a)(b)(c) Macro appearance of weld cross-section;(d)(e)(f) morphology of pores in the upper of weld cross-section; (g)(h)(i) morphology of pores in the transition region of weld cross-section; (j)(k)(l) morphology of pores in the bottom of weld cross-section

Fig. 8. Average pore diameter of different regions of cross-section