Aerosol Mass Concentration Retrieval Algorithm Based on LiDAR and Microwave Radiometry

Chengli Ji; Zhenyi Chen; Yifeng Huang; Jiajia Mao; Zhicheng Wang; Ruichang Gu; Aiming Liu; Chunsheng Zhang; Yan Xiang

doi:10.3788/CJL231280

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 5, 0510005(2024)

Aerosol Mass Concentration Retrieval Algorithm Based on LiDAR and Microwave Radiometry

Chengli Ji^1,2, Zhenyi Chen^3、*, Yifeng Huang³, Jiajia Mao¹, Zhicheng Wang¹, Ruichang Gu⁴, Aiming Liu⁴, Chunsheng Zhang⁴, and Yan Xiang⁵

Author Affiliations

¹CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing 100081, China

²CMA Meteorological Observation Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100081, China

³School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China

⁴Shenzhen National Climate Observatory, Shenzhen 518040, Guangdong, China

⁵Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China

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Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. Flow chart of PM_2.5 mass concentration multivariate fitting model

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Fig. 2. Comparison of observed results with three models’ results at 70 m, 120 m, 220 m, and 335 m heights in August, 2022. (a)‒(d) Linear model; (e)‒(h) exponential model; (i)‒(l) multivariate fitting model

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Fig. 3. Correlation between simulated and observed values of models at different heights under clean days. (a) 70 m; (b) 120 m; (c) 220 m; (d) 335 m

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Fig. 4. Correlation between simulated and observed values of models at different heights under cloudy days. (a) 70 m; (b) 120 m; (c) 220 m; (d) 335 m

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Fig. 5. Correlation between simulated and measured values in different seasons.（a）‒（d）Spring；（e）‒（h）summer；（i）‒（l）autumn；（m）‒（p）winter

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Fig. 6. Measurement results from 0:00 to 18:00 at observation points on July 29, 2022. (a) Extinction coefficient; (b) temperature; (c) relative humidity; (d) PM_2.5 mass concentration

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Table 1. Instruments and monitoring parameters

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Table 1. Instruments and monitoring parameters

Instrument	Parameter	Type	Temporal-spatial resolution
LiDAR	Aerosol extinction coefficient	AGHJ-I-LIDAR（MPL）	7.5 m，3 min
Microwave radiometer	Temperature，relative humidity	MP-3000 Radiometric	50 m，3 min
PM_2.5 monitor	PM_2.5mass concentration	Handix-PM_2.5monitor（POPS-1100）	1 h

Table 2. Assessment of the accuracy of three model simulation results in August, 2022
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Table 2. Assessment of the accuracy of three model simulation results in August, 2022
Model type Parameters R MAE /（μg·m^-3） RMSE /（μg·m^-3）
Linear a=14.15 <0.63 >10 >18
c=4.10
Exponential a=3.71 <0.66 >5 >15
b=6.44
c=7.76
Multivariate fitting a=12.56 >0.8 >4 >7
b=0.51
c=13.56

Table 3. Accuracy evaluation of simulation results under different weather conditions

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Table 3. Accuracy evaluation of simulation results under different weather conditions

Comparison	Model type	Period	R	MAE /（μg·m^-3）	RMSE /（μg·m^-3）	Heigh /m
Different weather conditions	Multivariate fitting	Clean days （N=1152）	0.76	4.99	14.28	70
			0.75	5.13	15.65	120
			0.73	5.94	16.11	220
			0.69	6.88	18.56	335
		Cloudy days （N=2322）	0.80	4.04	13.98	70
			0.77	4.75	14.43	120
			0.77	4.80	15.06	220
			0.71	6.21	17.67	335

Table 4. Accuracy evaluation of model simulation results in different seasons

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Table 4. Accuracy evaluation of model simulation results in different seasons

Period	Comparison	Height /m				R	MAE / （μg·m^-3）	RMSE / （μg·m^-3）
Period	Comparison	70	120	220	335	R	MAE / （μg·m^-3）	RMSE / （μg·m^-3）
Spring（N=647）（2023-03—2023-05）	Observed PM_2.5	28.75	29.32	28.49	28.54	0.78‒0.93	2.51‒4.98	5.41‒16.19
Spring（N=647）（2023-03—2023-05）	Simulated PM_2.5	30.85	31.62	31.25	30.66	0.78‒0.93	2.51‒4.98	5.41‒16.19
Summer（N=1350）（2022-07-01—2022-08 &2023-06）	Observed PM_2.5	9.04	20.24	21.22	13.98	0.71‒0.81	5.78‒12.65	15.23‒19.35
Summer（N=1350）（2022-07-01—2022-08 &2023-06）	Simulated PM_2.5	15.45	20.69	21.15	10.93	0.71‒0.81	5.78‒12.65	15.23‒19.35
Autumn（N=1192）（2022-09—2022-11）	Observed PM_2.5	23.72	23.92	22.00	14.85	0.73‒0.80	6.51‒10.77	15.45‒20.14
Autumn（N=1192）（2022-09—2022-11）	Simulated PM_2.5	26.80	26.59	25.90	14.69	0.73‒0.80	6.51‒10.77	15.45‒20.14
Winter （N=584）（2022-12—2023-02）	Observed PM_2.5	28.46	28.10	26.25	20.86	0.63‒0.75	12.06‒15.19	19.28‒26.93
Winter （N=584）（2022-12—2023-02）	Simulated PM_2.5	27.16	25.37	26.37	26.27	0.63‒0.75	12.06‒15.19	19.28‒26.93

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Chengli Ji, Zhenyi Chen, Yifeng Huang, Jiajia Mao, Zhicheng Wang, Ruichang Gu, Aiming Liu, Chunsheng Zhang, Yan Xiang. Aerosol Mass Concentration Retrieval Algorithm Based on LiDAR and Microwave Radiometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(5): 0510005

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