Optics and Precision Engineering, Volume. 33, Issue 9, 1434(2025)
Rapid and high-precision detection on surface defects of Micro LED
Figures & Tables(13)
Table 1. Defect categories and quantities in Micro LED dataset
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Defect categories and quantities in Micro LED dataset
Category Normal Foreign-
matter
Metal-
leak
Edge-
defect
Coating-
broken
Train 69 350 5 830 3 771 1 941 4 505 Val 10 045 916 504 401 467 Test 21 717 1 736 662 468 609 Total 101 112 8 482 4 937 2 810 5 581
Table 2. Experiment results of LED-YOLO
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Experiment results of LED-YOLO
Category P R mAP Normal 99.1 99.5 99.4 Foreign-matter 97.9 90.1 98.0 Metal-leak 98.8 97.4 99.4 Edge-defect 97.7 98.6 99.5 Coating-broken 99.0 99.2 99.5 All 98.5 96.9 99.2
Table 3. Experimental results of different models
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Experimental results of different models
Model P（%） R（%） mAP（%） F1（%） Params（M） FPS SSD 85.6 86.8 87.4 86.20 24.7 59 RFB-SSD 89.1 90.3 88.9 89.70 25.4 45 RetinaNet 91.4 87.9 89.1 89.62 36.5 41 Retina U-Net 91.6 89.9 90.7 90.74 38.0 33 YOLOv5s 96.4 97.1 97.4 96.75 9.1 117 YOLOv6s 96.5 83.3 86.6 89.42 16.0 158 YOLOv8s 95.7 96.9 97.5 96.30 11.1 78 YOLOv8s-p2 96.2 97.2 96.6 96.70 10.6 163 YOLOv9s 96.0 96.0 97.1 96.00 7.2 121 YOLOv10s 97.8 93.0 97.6 95.34 8.1 256 YOLOv11s 97.5 92.8 97.3 95.09 9.4 200 LED-YOLO（Ours） 98.5 96.9 99.2 97.69 7.8 212
Table 4. Experimental results of different loss functions
View tableView in ArticleTable 4. Experimental results of different loss functions
Method mAP（%） F1（%） FPS Our work+DIoU 98.8 92.67 222 Our work+GIoU 96.4 91.52 185 Our work+EIoU 97 94.57 217 Our work+SIoU 98.7 95.15 212 Our work+WIoU 98.5 95.60 144 Our work+DIoU_W 99.2 97.69 212
Table 5. Ablation experiments of three improvement approaches
View tableView in ArticleTable 5. Ablation experiments of three improvement approaches
LDFM ECAM DIoU_W mAP/% F1/% Params/M FPS — — — 97.3 95.09 9.4 200 √ 98.2 96.95 8.3 200 √ 98.6 97.24 9.0 217 √ 97.7 95.05 9.4 217 √ √ 98.7 97.49 7.8 222 √ √ 98.5 96.09 8.3 212 √ √ 98.2 97.04 9.0 222 √ √ √ 99.2 97.69 7.8 212
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Tianyuan ZHAO, Dengfeng DONG, Guoming WANG, Bo WANG, Weihu ZHOU. Rapid and high-precision detection on surface defects of Micro LED[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2025, 33(9): 1434
Paper Information
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Received: Dec. 17, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: Jul. 22, 2025
The Author Email: Dengfeng DONG (dongdengfeng@ime.ac.cn)
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