Fig. 1. CS test site. (a) Main devices of CS; (b) spraying process

Fig. 2. Nd∶YAG nanosecond pulse laser shock system. (a) Laser pulse emitting unit; (b) experimental operation platform; (c) manipulators and water cooling system control unit

Fig. 3. Sample after LSPs and schematic of shock path

Fig. 4. Morphology of pure Al powder used in test

Fig. 5. Surface SEM morphologies of cold sprayed pure Al coatings under different impact numbers. (a) Before impact; (b) 1; (c) 2; (d) 3

Fig. 6. 3D surface morphologies of cold sprayed pure Al coatings under different impact numbers. (a) Before impact; (b) 1; (c) 2; (d) 3

Fig. 7. 2D surface profiles of cold sprayed pure Al coating before and after multiple LSPs

Fig. 8. Schematics of coating surface morphology evolution under multiple LSPs

Fig. 9. Surface roughness and line roughness of coating before and after multiple LSPs

Fig. 10. Full-range XRD patterns of cold sprayed pure Al powder and coating before and after multiple LSPs

Fig. 11. Partially magnified XRD patterns of cold sprayed pure Al powder and coating before and after multiple LSPs

Fig. 12. Residual stresses on coating surface before and after multiple LSPs

Fig. 13. Microhardnesses of coating surface before and after multiple LSPs