Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and highly sensitive molecular component detection technique that has been widely applied in many fields in recent years. However, its applications in large scale example Raman imaging are limited due to the time-consuming procedure of point-scanning. Line-scanning Raman spectroscopy achieves several orders of magnitude improvements in imaging speed compared to point-scanning Raman spectroscopy by using line-shaped illumination light and synchronous collection of Raman signals from line-shaped sample areas, enabling timeliness Raman imaging of large scale and quantities of samples. This article provides a brief introduction to the principle, configuration and characteristics of line-scanning Raman spectrometer, summarizes its application progress mainly in cell and tissue observation, and makes a prospection on improving the performance and expanding functions of line-scanning Raman spectroscopy.