Graphitic carbon nitride, a saturable absorber material for the visible waveband

Mengxia Wang; Fukun Ma; Zhengping Wang; Dawei Hu; Xinguang Xu; Xiaopeng Hao

doi:10.1364/PRJ.6.000307

Photonics Research, Volume. 6, Issue 4, 307(2018)

Graphitic carbon nitride, a saturable absorber material for the visible waveband

Mengxia Wang^1、†, Fukun Ma^1、†, Zhengping Wang^1、*, Dawei Hu², Xinguang Xu¹, and Xiaopeng Hao^1,3

Author Affiliations

¹State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

²Research Institute of Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

³e-mail: xphao@sdu.edu.cn

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Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. Photographs of (a) g-C3N4 powder and (b) prepared g-C3N4 dispersions.

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Fig. 2. (a) AFM image and (b) corresponding height profile of prepared g-C3N4 nanosheets.

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Fig. 3. XRD pattern of g-C3N4 nanosheets.

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Fig. 4. Raman spectrum of g-C3N4 powder.

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Fig. 5. Transmission characteristic of g-C3N4. (a) UV–near infrared spectrum from 250 to 1750 nm. (b) FTIR spectrum from 2.5 to 15.4 μm (4000−650 cm−1).

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Fig. 6. Schematic of the Z-scan experimental setup.

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Fig. 7. OA Z-scan results of g-C3N4 nanosheets. (a) Different g-C3N4 samples at 355 nm. (b) Different g-C3N4 samples at 532 nm. (c) Different g-C3N4 samples at 650 nm. (d) Different g-C3N4 samples at 1064 nm. (e) g-C3N4-2 sample at different 355 nm excitation intensities. (f) g-C3N4-2 sample at different 532 nm excitation intensities. (g) g-C3N4-2 sample at different 650 nm excitation intensities. (h) g-C3N4-2 sample at different 1064 nm excitation intensities.

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Fig. 8. CA/OA Z-scan results of different g-C3N4 samples at (a) 355 nm, (b) 532 nm, (c) 650 nm, and (d) 1064 nm.

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Table 1. Nonlinear Optical Properties of g-C3N4-2 Sample at Different Visible Wavelengths

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Table 1. Nonlinear Optical Properties of g-C3N4-2 Sample at Different Visible Wavelengths

Wavelength/nm	$I_{s} / GW \cdot {cm}^{- 2}$	$β / cm \cdot {GW}^{- 1}$	$n_{2} / {cm}^{2} \cdot W^{- 1}$	$Im χ^{(3)} / esu$	$Re χ^{(3)} / esu$	FOM/ $m^{4} \cdot {(sW)}^{- 1}$
355	4.6	−2.05	$0.87 \times 10^{- 15}$	$- 4.00 \times 10^{- 12}$	$0.62 \times 10^{- 13}$	$2.19 \times 10^{- 22}$
532	11.4	−0.34	$1.42 \times 10^{- 15}$	$- 6.62 \times 10^{- 13}$	$1.02 \times 10^{- 13}$	$5.44 \times 10^{- 23}$
650	185	−0.11	$0.40 \times 10^{- 15}$	$- 4.03 \times 10^{- 13}$	$0.27 \times 10^{- 13}$	$1.69 \times 10^{- 23}$
1064	60.3	−0.06	$0.34 \times 10^{- 15}$	$- 2.20 \times 10^{- 13}$	$0.23 \times 10^{- 13}$	$1.51 \times 10^{- 23}$

Table 2. Nonlinear Absorption Properties of g-C3N4-2 Sample and Several Representative Nanomaterials at Visible Wavelength of 532 nm

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Table 2. Nonlinear Absorption Properties of g-C3N4-2 Sample and Several Representative Nanomaterials at Visible Wavelength of 532 nm

Sample	Laser Pulse Duration/ps	$I_{0} / GW \cdot {cm}^{- 2}$	Main NLO Response/nm	$β / cm \cdot {GW}^{- 1}$	Reference
$g - C_{3} N_{4} - 2$	30	20–55	SA	−0.34	This work
Graphene	30	12.8	RSA	0.4	[43]
Graphene oxide	35	0–34	RSA	2.2	[44]
	35	0–30	RSA	2.5	[40]
	35	20	RSA	2	[45]
BP	30	0.114	RSA	16	[41]
${MoS}_{2}$	19	2.1	RSA	−0.0003–0.5	[42]
BCN	35	94	RSA	0.08–0.106	[46]
Carbon nanotubes	35	22	RSA	0–1	[44]

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Mengxia Wang, Fukun Ma, Zhengping Wang, Dawei Hu, Xinguang Xu, Xiaopeng Hao, "Graphitic carbon nitride, a saturable absorber material for the visible waveband," Photonics Res. 6, 307 (2018)

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Paper Information

Category: Nanomaterials

Received: Nov. 9, 2017

Accepted: Jan. 30, 2018

Published Online: Aug. 1, 2018

The Author Email: Zhengping Wang (zpwang@sdu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.1364/PRJ.6.000307

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology