[1] Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A et al. Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction[J]. Science, 334, 333-337(2011).

[2] Tang D L, Chen L, Liu J et al. Achromatic metasurface doublet with a wide incident angle for light focusing[J]. Opt Express, 28, 12209-12218(2020).

[3] Hou H S, Wang G M, Li H P et al. Ultra-thin broadband flat metasurface to focus electromagnetic waves and its application in high-gain antenna[J]. Acta Phys Sin, 65, 027701(2016).

[4] Lei Y S, Zhang Q, Guo Y H et al. Snapshot multi-dimensional computational imaging through a liquid crystal diffuser[J]. Photonics Res, 11, B111-B124(2023).

[5] Luo X G, Pu M B, Li X et al. Broadband spin hall effect of light in single nanoapertures[J]. Light Sci Appl, 6, e16276(2017).

[6] Burch J, Di Falco A. Surface topology specific metasurface holograms[J]. ACS Photonics, 5, 1762-1766(2018).

[7] Zhang C M, Dong F L, Intaravanne Y et al. Multichannel metasurfaces for anticounterfeiting[J]. Phys Rev Appl, 12, 034028(2019).

[8] Zhang X H, Li X, Jin J J et al. Polarization-independent broadband meta-holograms: via polarization-dependent nanoholes[J]. Nanoscale, 10, 9304-9310(2018).

[9] Chen D B, Yang J B, He X et al. Tunable polarization-preserving vortex beam generator based on diagonal cross-shaped graphene structures at terahertz frequency[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 11, 2300182(2023).

[10] Liang Y, Dong Y Y, Jin Y X et al. Terahertz vortex beams generated by the ring-arranged multilayer transmissive metasurfaces[J]. Infrared Phys Technol, 127, 104441(2022).

[11] Akram M R, Bai X D, Jin R H et al. Photon spin hall effect-based ultra-thin transmissive metasurface for efficient generation of OAM waves[J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag, 67, 4650-4658(2019).

[12] Guo Y H, Huang Y J, Li X et al. Polarization-controlled broadband accelerating beams generation by single catenary-shaped metasurface[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 7, 1900503(2019).

[13] Monticone F, Estakhri N M, Alù A. Full control of nanoscale optical transmission with a composite metascreen[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 110, 203903(2013).

[14] Qin F, Ding L, Zhang L et al. Hybrid bilayer plasmonic metasurface efficiently manipulates visible light[J]. Sci Adv, 2, e1501168(2016).

[15] Akram M R, Mehmood M Q, Bai X D et al. High efficiency ultrathin transmissive metasurfaces[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 7, 1801628(2019).

[16] Jing X F, Gui X C, Zhou P W et al. Physical explanation of Fabry–Pérot cavity for broadband bilayer metamaterials polarization converter[J]. J Light Technol, 36, 2322-2327(2018).

[17] Pfeiffer C, Grbic A. Millimeter-wave transmitarrays for wavefront and polarization control[J]. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech, 61, 4407-4417(2013).

[18] Bouchard F, De Leon I, Schulz S A et al. Optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in ultra-thin metasurfaces with arbitrary topological charges[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 105, 101905(2014).

[19] Chen M L N, Jiang L J, Sha W E I. Orbital angular momentum generation and detection by geometric-phase based metasurfaces[J]. Appl Sci, 8, 362(2018).

[20] Yao B S, Zang X F, Li Z et al. Dual-layered metasurfaces for asymmetric focusing[J]. Photonics Res, 8, 830-843(2020).

[21] Xue C H, Lou Q, Chen Z N. Broadband double-layered Huygens’ Metasurface lens antenna for 5G millimeter-wave systems[J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag, 68, 1468-1476(2020).

[22] Lin D M, Fan P Y, Hasman E et al. Dielectric gradient metasurface optical elements[J]. Science, 345, 298-302(2014).

[23] Fang C Z, Yang Q Y, Yuan Q C et al. High-Q resonances governed by the quasi-bound states in the continuum in all-dielectric metasurfaces[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 4, 200030(2021).

[24] Yue Z, Li J T, Li J et al. Terahertz metasurface zone plates with arbitrary polarizations to a fixed polarization conversion[J]. Opto-Electron Sci, 1, 210014(2022).

[25] Li J T, Wang G C, Yue Z et al. Dynamic phase assembled terahertz metalens for reversible conversion between linear polarization and arbitrary circular polarization[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 5, 210062(2022).

[26] Liu Z Q, Tan W Y, Fu G L et al. Multipolar silicon-based resonant meta-surface for electro-optical modulation and sensing[J]. Opt Lett, 48, 2969-2972(2023).

[27] Zhu L, Dong L, Guo J et al. Polarization conversion based on Mie-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect in all-dielectric metasurface[J]. Plasmonics, 13, 1971-1976(2018).

[28] Chen M, Cai J J, Sun W et al. High-efficiency all-dielectric metasurfaces for broadband polarization conversion[J]. Plasmonics, 13, 21-29(2018).

[29] Chen J, Wang D P, Si G Y et al. Planar peristrophic multiplexing metasurfaces[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 6, 220141(2023).

[30] Zheng G X, Mühlenbernd H, Kenney M et al. Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency[J]. Nat Nanotechnol, 10, 308-312(2015).

[31] Jiang S, Chen C, Zhang H L et al. Achromatic electromagnetic metasurface for generating a vortex wave with orbital angular momentum (OAM)[J]. Opt Express, 26, 6466-6477(2018).

[32] Li X N, Zhou L, Zhao G Z. Terahertz vortex beam generation based on reflective metasurface[J]. Acta Phys Sin, 68, 238101(2019).

[33] Sun S, Yang L J, Sha W. Offset-fed vortex wave generator based on reflective metasurface[J]. Acta Phys Sin, 70, 198401(2021).

[34] Ye W M, Li X, Liu J et al. Phenomenological modeling of nonlinear holograms based on metallic geometric metasurfaces[J]. Opt Express, 24, 25805-25815(2016).

[35] Gong Z J, Wu C, Fang C Q et al. Broadband efficient vortex beam generation with metallic helix array[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 113, 071104(2018).

[36] Xie X, Li X, Pu M B et al. Plasmonic metasurfaces for simultaneous thermal infrared invisibility and holographic illusion[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 28, 1706673(2018).

[37] Xie X, Liu K P, Pu M B et al. All-metallic geometric metasurfaces for broadband and high-efficiency wavefront manipulation[J]. Nanophotonics, 9, 3209-3215(2020).

[38] Liu Z Q, Liu G Q, Fu G L et al. All-metal meta-surfaces for narrowband light absorption and high performance sensing[J]. J Phys D Appl Phys, 49, 445104(2016).

[39] Hulkkonen H, Sah A, Niemi T. All-metal broadband optical absorbers based on block copolymer nanolithography[J]. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 10, 42941-42947(2018).

[40] Mattiucci N, Trimm R, D'Aguanno G et al. Tunable, narrow-band, all-metallic microwave absorber[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 101, 141115(2012).

[41] Li Z Y, Butun S, Aydin K. Ultranarrow band absorbers based on surface lattice resonances in nanostructured metal surfaces[J]. ACS Nano, 8, 8242-8248(2014).

[42] Liu Z Q, Liu G Q, Liu X S et al. Achieving an ultra-narrow multiband light absorption meta-surface via coupling with an optical cavity[J]. Nanotechnology, 26, 235702(2015).

[43] Zhang K, Deng R X, Song L X et al. Broadband near-infrared absorber based on all metallic metasurface[J]. Materials, 12, 3568(2019).

[44] Liu Y M, Zhang X. Metasurfaces for manipulating surface plasmons[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 103, 141101(2013).

[45] Liu M J, Li T Y, Ge Q et al. Phase modulation mechanism and research progress of multifunctional metasurfaces[J]. Acta Opt Sin, 42, 2126004(2022).

[46] Xie X, Pu M B, Huang Y J et al. Heat resisting metallic meta-skin for simultaneous microwave broadband scattering and infrared invisibility based on catenary optical field[J]. Adv Mater Technol, 4, 1800612(2019).

[47] Cai J X, Zhang F, Pu M B et al. Broadband and high-efficiency photonic spin-Hall effect with all-metallic metasurfaces[J]. Opt Express, 30, 14938-14947(2022).

[48] Xie X, Pu M B, Liu K P et al. High-efficiency and tunable circular-polarization beam splitting with a liquid-filled all-metallic catenary meta-mirror[J]. Adv Mater Technol, 4, 1900334(2019).

[49] Chen L, Shao Z L, Liu J et al. Reflective quasi-continuous metasurface with continuous phase control for light focusing[J]. Materials, 14, 2147(2021).

[50] Cai J X, Zhang F, Pu M B et al. All-metallic high-efficiency generalized pancharatnam–berry phase metasurface with chiral meta-atoms[J]. Nanophotonics, 11, 1961-1968(2022).

[51] Luo J, Wang Y H, Pu M B et al. Multiple rotational doppler effect induced by a single spinning meta-atom[J]. Phys Rev Appl, 19, 044064(2023).

[52] Luo X G[M]. Catenary Optics(2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-4818-1

[53] Pu M B, Ma X L, Guo Y H et al. Theory of microscopic meta-surface waves based on catenary optical fields and dispersion[J]. Opt Express, 26, 19555-19562(2018).

[54] Li X, Ma X L, Luo X G. Principles and applications of metasurfaces with phase modulation[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 44, 255-275(2017).

[55] Xie X, Pu M B, Jin J J et al. Generalized pancharatnam-berry phase in rotationally symmetric meta-atoms[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 126, 183902(2021).

[56] Guo Y H, Pu M B, Zhang F et al. Classical and generalized geometric phase in electromagnetic metasurfaces[J]. Photonics Insights, 1, R03(2022).

[57] Pu M B, Li X, Ma X L et al. Catenary optics for achromatic generation of perfect optical angular momentum[J]. Sci Adv, 1, e1500396(2015).

[58] Zhang M, Pu M B, Zhang F et al. Plasmonic metasurfaces for switchable photonic spin– orbit interactions based on phase change materials[J]. Adv Sci, 5, 1800835(2018).

[59] Guo Y H, Ma X L, Pu M B et al. High-efficiency and wide-angle beam steering based on catenary optical fields in ultrathin metalens[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 6, 1800592(2018).

[60] Guo Y H, Zhang Z J, Pu M B et al. Spoof plasmonic metasurfaces with catenary dispersion for two-dimensional wide-angle focusing and imaging[J]. iScience, 21, 145-156(2019).

[61] Zhao L, Liu H, He Z H et al. All-metal frequency-selective absorber/emitter for laser stealth and infrared stealth[J]. Appl Opt, 57, 1757-1764(2018).

[62] Song M W, Li X, Pu M B et al. Color display and encryption with a plasmonic polarizing metamirror[J]. Nanophotonics, 7, 323-331(2018).

[63] Zhou X T, Jin R C, Wang J et al. All-metal metasurface polarization converter in visible region with an in-band function[J]. Appl Phys Express, 12, 092010(2019).

[64] Yan J C, Li Z K, Zhang Y et al. Trapped-mode resonances in all-metallic metasurfaces comprising rectangular-hole dimers with broken symmetry[J]. J Appl Phys, 126, 213102(2019).

[65] Wu P H, Wang Y Y, Yi Z et al. A near-infrared multi-band perfect absorber based on 1D gold grating fabry-perot structure[J]. IEEE Access, 8, 72742-72748(2020).

[66] Majumder B, Sankar V S, Meena H. Design of an artificially engineered all metallic lens antenna[C], 1072-1074(2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/APMC47863.2020.9331698

[67] Li L X, Zong X Y, Liu Y F. All-metallic metasurfaces towards high-performance magneto-plasmonic sensing devices[J]. Photonics Res, 8, 1742-1748(2020).

[68] Shi Y Y, Yang R, Dai C J et al. Broadband diffraction-free on-chip propagation along hybrid metallic grating metasurfaces in the visible frequency[J]. J Phys D Appl Phys, 54, 044001(2021).

[69] Xiong X, Wang X, Wang Z H et al. Constructing an achromatic polarization-dependent bifocal metalens with height-gradient metastructures[J]. Opt Lett, 46, 1193-1196(2021).

[70] Du W J, Lou Z L, Chen X S et al. Multifunctional metasurfaces integrating near-field display and 3D holography[J]. J Phys D Appl Phys, 55, 105102(2022).

[71] Zhang F, Pu M B, Gao P et al. Simultaneous full-color printing and holography enabled by centimeter-scale plasmonic metasurfaces[J]. Adv Sci, 7, 1903156(2020).

[72] Cheng Y Z, Yang D R, Li X C. Broadband reflective dual-functional polarization convertor based on all-metal metasurface in visible region[J]. Phys B Condens Matter, 640, 414047(2022).

[73] Wang M C, Cheng Y Z, Wu L. Ultra-broadband high-efficiency circular polarization conversion and terahertz wavefront manipulation based on an all-metallic reflective metasurface[J]. Appl Opt, 61, 4833-4842(2022).

[74] Zhu J F, Liao S W, Xue Q. 3-D printed millimeter-wave metal-only dual-band circularly polarized reflectarray[J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag, 70, 9357-9364(2022).

[75] Bai G D, Ma Q, Cao W K et al. Manipulation of electromagnetic and acoustic wave behaviors via shared digital coding metallic metasurfaces[J]. Adv Intell Syst, 1, 1900038(2019).

[76] Chu H C, Lai Y. Ultrathin invisibility cloaks based on metasurfaces[J]. Infrared Laser Eng, 49, 20201038(2020).

[77] Ji C, Peng J Q, Yuan L M et al. All-ceramic coding metastructure for high-temperature RCS reduction[J]. Adv Eng Mater, 24, 2101503(2022).

[78] Li Z G, Wang W, Rosenmann D et al. All-metal structural color printing based on aluminum plasmonic metasurfaces[J]. Opt Express, 24, 20472-20480(2016).

[79] Xu C L, Meng Y Y, Wang J F et al. Optically transparent hybrid metasurfaces for low infrared emission and wideband microwave absorption[J]. Acta Photonica Sin, 50, 0416001(2021).

[80] Yang K, Shi S Q, Li C X et al. Broadband stealth devices based on encoded metamaterials[J]. Appl Opt, 61, 10171-10177(2022).

[81] Huang S N, Fan Q, Xu C L et al. A visible-light-transparent camouflage-compatible flexible metasurface for infrared-radar stealth applications[J]. J Phys D Appl Phys, 54, 015001(2021).

[82] Buhara E, Ghobadi A, Ozbay E. Adaptive visible and short-wave infrared camouflage using a dynamically tunable metasurface[J]. Opt Lett, 46, 4777-4780(2021).

[83] Feng X D, Xie X, Pu M B et al. Hierarchical metamaterials for laser-infrared-microwave compatible camouflage[J]. Opt Express, 28, 9445-9453(2020).

[84] Feng X D, Pu M B, Zhang F et al. Large-area low-cost multiscale-hierarchical metasurfaces for multispectral compatible camouflage of dual-band lasers, infrared and microwave[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 32, 2205547(2022).

[85] Huang J K, Wang Y T, Yuan L M et al. Large-area and flexible plasmonic metasurface for laser–infrared compatible camouflage[J]. Laser Photonics Rev, 17, 2200616(2023).