Photonics Research, Volume. 10, Issue 8, 1892(2022)
High-speed long-distance visible light communication based on multicolor series connection micro-LEDs and wavelength division multiplexing
Figures & Tables(12)
Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of GaN-based series connection micro-LED array. (b) Plan-view SEM image of the 20-μm blue GaN-based series connection micro-LED array. (c) Plan-view optical micrograph images of the series connection micro-LED arrays.
Fig. 2. Current versus voltage curves for (a) 20-μm violet, (b) 20-μm blue, (c) 20-μm green, and (d) 40-μm yellow micro-LED arrays with 1, 4, 6, and 9 pixels in series, respectively.
Fig. 3. Light output power versus current density curves for (a) 20-μm violet, (b) 20-μm blue, (c) 20-μm green, and (d) 40-μm yellow micro-LED arrays with 1, 4, 6, and 9 pixels in series, respectively.
Fig. 4. Emission spectra of the (a) 20-μm
Fig. 5. (a) The modulation bandwidths versus pixel numbers of the GBYV micro-LEDs under the same injection current density. (b) The frequency responses of the series-biased GBYV micro-LED arrays under the specific current density for VLC measurement. (c) The microwave reflectance (S11) parameters of blue micro-LED arrays with different numbers of pixels in series under the current density of
Fig. 6. Schematic of the experimental setup for the multicolor series connection micro-LED arrays-based long-distance VLC system.
Fig. 7. (a) Light output powers of the 20-μm
Fig. 8. SNR distributions, bit allocations, and power ratios versus frequency for (a) 400-nm, (b) 451-nm, (c) 50-nm, and (d) 556-nm channels.
Fig. 9. Power spectra for (a) 400-nm, (b) 451-nm, (c) 509-nm, and (d) 556-nm channels.
Fig. 10. (a) Constellation plots for the 400-nm channel including the 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 QAMs. (b) SNR distributions of the 20-μm violet single-pixel and series connection devices under the current density of
Table 1. Summary of LED-Based WDM-OWC Systems with the Aggregate Data Rate over 10 Gbps in Recent Years
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Summary of LED-Based WDM-OWC Systems with the Aggregate Data Rate over 10 Gbps in Recent Years
LED Type System Type Aggregate Data Rate Distance Data Rate × Distance Performance of the Best Three Channels Reference LED (R) + μLEDs (GB) a Real WDM b 11.28 Gbps 1.5-m free space 16.92 Gbps m 7.09 Gbps m (B) [ 12 ]3.84 Gbps m (G) 6 Gbps m (R) LEDs (RGBYC c )Proof of concept d 15.17 Gbps 1.2-m underwater 18.2 Gbps m 3.76 Gbps m (B) [ 13 ]3.74 Gbps m (C) 3.72 Gbps m (G) LEDs (RGBY) Proof-of-concept 19.66 Gbps 1.6-m free space 31.46 Gbps m 8.35 Gbps m (B) [ 14 ]Real WDM 16.92 Gbps 1.6-m free space 27.07 Gbps m 8.42 Gbps m (G) 8.21 Gbps m (R) LEDs (eight color) Proof of concept 20.09 Gbps 1.2-m underwater 24.11 Gbps m 3.46 Gbps m (B) [ 15 ]3.29 Gbps m (G) 3.79 Gbps m (R) Mini-LEDs (tricolor) Proof of concept 16.6 Gbps 2-m free space 33.2 Gbps m 14 Gbps m (B) [ 16 ]14 Gbps m (C) 5.2 Gbps m (G) LEDs (eight color) Proof of concept 24.25 Gbps 1.2-m free space 29.1 Gbps m 3.98 Gbps m (B) [ 17 ]3.91 Gbps m (G) 4.15 Gbps m (R) LEDs (tricolor) + μLEDs (five color) Proof of concept 25.2 Gbps 0.25-m free space 6.3 Gbps m 1.21 Gbps m (V) [ 18 ]1.09 Gbps m (B) 1.04 Gbps m (G) μLEDs (UVA + UVB + UVC) Real WDM 10.32 Gbps 0.5-m free space 5.16 Gbps m 1.57 Gbps m (UVA) [ 19 ]Proof of concept 11.48 Gbps 0.5-m free space 5.74 Gbps m 1.51 Gbps m (UVB) 2.08 Gbps m (UVC) LEDs (RGB) Proof of concept 3.1 Gbps 5-m fiber 15.5 Gbps m 60 Gbps m (B) [ 20 ]2 Gbps 100-m fiber 200 Gbps m 60 Gbps m (G) 80 Gbps m (R) μLEDs (VBGY) Proof of concept 15.78 Gbps 13-m free space 205.1 Gbps m 74.23 Gbps m (V) This paper 63.18 Gbps m (B) 57.07 Gbps m (G)
Table 2. Performances of Blue Micro-LED Arrays with Different Pixel Sizes and Different Operating Current Densities
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Performances of Blue Micro-LED Arrays with Different Pixel Sizes and Different Operating Current Densities
Pixel Size Stable Operating Current Density/LOP Achieved Bandwidth LOP·Bandwidth 40 μm ( ) 84.2 MHz 1160 mW MHz 30 μm ( ) 122.4 MHz 1468 mW MHz 20 μm ( ) 214.4 MHz 2041 mW MHz 10 μm ( ) 360.7 MHz 957.6 mW MHz
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Shijie Zhu, Pengjiang Qiu, Xinyi Shan, Runze Lin, Zhou Wang, Zuxin Jin, Xugao Cui, Guoqi Zhang, Pengfei Tian, "High-speed long-distance visible light communication based on multicolor series connection micro-LEDs and wavelength division multiplexing," Photonics Res. 10, 1892 (2022)
Paper Information
Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Received: Mar. 28, 2022
Accepted: Jun. 23, 2022
Published Online: Jul. 27, 2022
The Author Email: Pengfei Tian (pftian@fudan.edu.cn)
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