Effects of Microstructure of Inconel 718 Alloy Melted by Laser Powder Bed and Its Composites on Electrolytic Grinding Surface Quality

Changshuai Zhai; Pengfei Guo; Fei Wang; Qi Yang; Zhen Wang; Jianfeng Geng; Huijun Wang; Jun Yu; Xin Lin

doi:10.3788/CJL250461

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 12, 1202301(2025)

Effects of Microstructure of Inconel 718 Alloy Melted by Laser Powder Bed and Its Composites on Electrolytic Grinding Surface Quality

Changshuai Zhai¹, Pengfei Guo^1、*, Fei Wang¹, Qi Yang¹, Zhen Wang¹, Jianfeng Geng¹, Huijun Wang¹, Jun Yu², and Xin Lin^2、**

Author Affiliations

¹Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, Shandong , China

²State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi , China

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Figures & Tables(17)

Fig. 1. Overall diagram of ECG processing

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Fig. 2. Schematic diagrams of feed modes. (a) ECM; (b) ECG

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Fig. 3. Comparison of material microstructures. (a) LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy; (b) LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite; (c) element point scanning results

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Fig. 4. XPS results of superpassivation films. (a) LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy; (b) LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

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Fig. 5. XPS results of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy superpassivation films. (a) Ni; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Ti; (e) Mo; (f) Nb

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Fig. 6. XPS results of LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite super passivation films. (a) Ni; (b) Fe; (c) Cr; (d) Ti; (e) Mo; (f) Nb

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Fig. 7. Comparison of surface morphologies of two materials under different feed speeds. (a)‒(d) LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy; (e)‒(h) LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

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Fig. 8. Comparison of surface morphologies of two materials under different rotation speeds. (a)‒(e) LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy;

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Fig. 9. Surface roughnesses of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite after ECM and ECG machining

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Fig. 10. Microstructure dissolution phenomenon after ECM. (a) LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy; (b) LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

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Fig. 11. Mechanism diagrams of ECG processing at different rotation speeds. (a) 400, 700, 1300 r/min; (b) 1000 r/min

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Table 1. Elemental compositions of Inconel 718 alloy powder
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Table 1. Elemental compositions of Inconel 718 alloy powder
Composition Ni Cr Al Ti Mn C Nb Mo Fe
Mass fraction /% 52.7700 18.5600 0.5500 0.8400 0.0620 0.0145 5.1200 3.0200 Bal.

Table 2. LPBF machining parameters
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Table 2. LPBF machining parameters
Parameter Inconel 718 TiB₂/Inconel 718
Laser power /W 135 180
Scanning speed /（mm/min） 900 900
Hatch distance /μm 80 80
Layer thickness /μm 20 20

Table 3. Effect of feed speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment
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Table 3. Effect of feed speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment
Feed speed /（mm/s） Current density /（A/cm²）
LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite
1.00 15.85 15.88
1.16 16.27 16.34
1.33 16.7 16.75
1.50 16.84 16.88

Table 4. Effect of rotation speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment
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Table 4. Effect of rotation speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment
Rotation speed /
（r/min）
Current density /（A/cm²）
LPBF-Inconel
718 alloy
LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite
ECM 12.32 11.58
400 15.66 15.87
700 16.12 16.44
1000 16.71 16.79
1300 17.15 17.21

Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

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Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

Element	Electrochemical equivalent /（mg/C）	Mass fraction /%
Element	Electrochemical equivalent /（mg/C）	LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy	LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite
Ni	0.3041	52.77	51.18
Fe	0.1929	19.41	18.84
Cr	0.1796	18.56	18.00
Ti	0.1240	0.84	0.81+2.08
Mo	0.2486	3.20	3.10
Nb	0.1926	5.22	5.06

Table 6. Volumetric electrochemical equivalent parameters of two materials
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Table 6. Volumetric electrochemical equivalent parameters of two materials
Material Electrochemical equivalent /（mg/C） ω /［mm³/（A∙min）］
LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy 0.2357 1.727
LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite 0.2434 1.796

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Changshuai Zhai, Pengfei Guo, Fei Wang, Qi Yang, Zhen Wang, Jianfeng Geng, Huijun Wang, Jun Yu, Xin Lin. Effects of Microstructure of Inconel 718 Alloy Melted by Laser Powder Bed and Its Composites on Electrolytic Grinding Surface Quality[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(12): 1202301

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Paper Information

Category: Laser Additive Manufacturing

Received: Jan. 13, 2025

Accepted: Mar. 10, 2025

Published Online: May. 29, 2025

The Author Email: Pengfei Guo (dr2019guopf@163.com), Xin Lin (xlin@nwpu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL250461

CSTR:32183.14.CJL250461

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Elemental compositions of Inconel 718 alloy powder

Table 1. Elemental compositions of Inconel 718 alloy powder

Table 2. LPBF machining parameters

Table 2. LPBF machining parameters

Table 3. Effect of feed speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment

Table 3. Effect of feed speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment

Table 4. Effect of rotation speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment

Table 4. Effect of rotation speed on machined surface in electrolytic grinding experiment

Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB2/Inconel 718 composite

Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB2/Inconel 718 composite

Table 6. Volumetric electrochemical equivalent parameters of two materials

Table 6. Volumetric electrochemical equivalent parameters of two materials

Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite

Table 5. Element compositions and electrochemical equivalents of LPBF-Inconel 718 alloy and LPBF-TiB₂/Inconel 718 composite