Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 13, 1300003(2025)

Research Progress in High-Brightness Blue Laser Diodes

Lixin Zhong1,2, Linhui Guo2,3,4、*, Pengfei Xie2,4, Zubin Qin1,2, Quanwei Jiang2,4, Hao Tan2,4, Tangyou Sun1、**, Songxin Gao2,4, Deyong Wu2,4, and Chun Tang2,4
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Information and Communication, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi , China
  • 2Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan , China
  • 3Gradute School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan , China
  • 4National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Laser and High Power Microwave, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan , China
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    Figures & Tables(23)
    Structure diagram of GaN-based blue laser chip[15]
    Structure and packaging of blue LD chip[25]. (a) Schematic diagram of the blue LD structure; (b) diagram of mounting the junction-down into a TO-Φ9 mm package
    Schematic diagram of the LWCG high-brightness array structure and its photocurrent and current-voltage characteristics[26]
    Classification of traditional beam combining[39-41]
    Schematic diagram of the 500 W module configuration based on space and polarization technology[49]
    Power enhancement method for the blue LD module[49]
    Schematic diagram of the beam combining optical path of BWT 7×1 fiber combiner[41]
    Schematic diagram of the optical path of the BWT 250 W module[56]
    Schematic diagram of wavelength beam combination
    Schematic diagrams of the VBG scheme and its product. (a) VBG wave-locking principle diagram[62]; (b) 1500 W high-brightness system[63]
    Structural scheme for dichroic mirror beam combination[58]
    Schematic diagram of the spectral beam combining system
    Schematic diagram of the BLADE module[66]. (a) Overview of WBC technology; (b) comparison of SBC and WBC technologies
    Overview of the laser structure[70]. (a) Schematic diagram of the system combination; (b) optical output curve
    Schematic diagram of the system of a 9-channel single-tube spectral beam combination along the fast axis[67]
    Output power, E-O efficiency, voltage vs. current, and beam quality[67]. (a) Power, E-O efficiency, and voltage; (b) beam quality after spectral synthesis
    Schematic diagram of a high-power blue LD device based on dense spectral beam combination[71]
    Comparison of the brightness levels of blue light lasers[70]
    • Table 1. Research progress on high-brightness blue LD

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      Table 1. Research progress on high-brightness blue LD

      InstitutionYearOutput power /WPBPP /(mm·mrad)Brightness /[ MW/cm2·srReference
      XMU2021816
      SINANO20227.517
      CAS2021618
      NICHIA201953.9298.5419
      202213.22.06124.6120
      ORASM202051.97225.7121
      202151.58232.0522
      SHARP202452.15010.9723
      202471.78022.4024
    • Table 2. Recent developments in blue LD based on TBC technology

      View table

      Table 2. Recent developments in blue LD based on TBC technology

      InstitutionYearOutput power /WPBPP /(mm·mrad)Brightness /[MW/(cm2·sr)]Reference
      UNITED WINNERS202010001.343
      DILAS202015007.844
      Raycus2021500442.6145
      CAEP2022754.6946
      KCTII2023350047
      Osaka202315008.948
      Nichia20245008.865.449
      2024100050
      SHIMADZU20191001010.151
      202315009.552
      Laserline2022400026.053
      202340003045.042
      202460006016.942
      BWT20176001.454
      202110007.741
      202325019.055
      202420004.6556
    • Table 3. Recent development of blue LD based on WBC technology

      View table

      Table 3. Recent development of blue LD based on WBC technology

      InstitutionYearOutput power /WPBPP /(mm·mrad)Brightness /[MW/cm2·srReference
      OPI20201003358
      Polito20221804.560.359
      NUBURU20201500<11125.057
      20232505101.460
      202310001545.060
    • Table 4. Recent development of Blue LD based on SBC technology

      View table

      Table 4. Recent development of Blue LD based on SBC technology

      InstitutionYearOutput power /WPBPP /(mm·mrad)Brightness /[MW/cm2·srReference
      CAEP20242656.8567
      Panasonic20224001.42069.966
      202218004.6862.768
      20234002.01014.269
      20238002.21676.469
      202421603.22139.470
    • Table 5. Characteristics of various laser beam combining technologies

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      Table 5. Characteristics of various laser beam combining technologies

      ConditionsTBCWBCSBC
      Brightness☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
      Amount of combined routes☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
      Volume☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
      Cost☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
      Core devices☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
      Complexity☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆
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    Lixin Zhong, Linhui Guo, Pengfei Xie, Zubin Qin, Quanwei Jiang, Hao Tan, Tangyou Sun, Songxin Gao, Deyong Wu, Chun Tang. Research Progress in High-Brightness Blue Laser Diodes[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(13): 1300003

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    Paper Information

    Category: Reviews

    Received: Nov. 19, 2024

    Accepted: Dec. 25, 2024

    Published Online: Jul. 16, 2025

    The Author Email: Linhui Guo (glh863@163.com), Tangyou Sun (suntangyou@guet.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/LOP242281

    CSTR:32186.14.LOP242281

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