Fig. 1. Imaging principle and parametric representation of light field camera

Fig. 2. Images of two sub-aperture. (a) Left view; (b) right view

Fig. 3. Schematic of watermarking virtual light field establishment

Fig. 4. Watermarking image extraction and binarization processing. (a) Original image; (b) refined image; (c) binary image

Fig. 5. Diagram of watermarking scheme for four dimensional light field imaging

Fig. 6. Single camera light field acquisition system

Fig. 7. PSNR values of with different weight factor β

Fig. 8. Watermarks extracted from captured light field with different weight factors. (a) β=0.1; (b) β=0.2; (c) β=0.3; (d) β=0.4; (e) β=0.5; (f) β=0.6; (g) β=0.7; (h) β=0.8; (i) β=0.9

Fig. 9. Effect of occluding some of transmitted image pixels from center of transmitted image. (a) 1/16, (b) 1/9, and (c) 1/4 of the transmitted image pixels are occluded;recovered image with (d) 1/16, (e) 1/9, and (f) 1/4 occlusion

Fig. 10. Effect of occluding some of transmitted image pixels from corner of transmitted image. (a) 1/4 of transmitted image pixels are occluded; (b)-(d) 1/2 of transmitted image pixels are occluded; (e)-(h) recovered image according to (a)-(d)

Fig. 11. Extracted watermark after print-scan attack

Fig. 12. Extracted watermark after painting attack