Microstructure and Properties of Ti<sub>2</sub>SC-Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni Composite Structural Phase Self-Lubricating Laser Cladding Layer on TC4 Surface

Tiangang Zhang; Qian Zhang; Huaifeng Zhuang; Peng Xue; Bo Yao; Yutong Xu; Baoxuan Li

doi:10.3788/AOS202040.1114001

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 40, Issue 11, 1114001(2020)

Microstructure and Properties of Ti₂SC-Ti₂Ni Composite Structural Phase Self-Lubricating Laser Cladding Layer on TC4 Surface

Tiangang Zhang¹, Qian Zhang², Huaifeng Zhuang³, Peng Xue^1、*, Bo Yao², Yutong Xu³, and Baoxuan Li³

Author Affiliations

¹Engineering Techniques Training Center, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

²College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

³Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

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Figures & Tables(15)

Fig. 1. SEM morphologies of powders. (a) TC4; (b) Ni60; (c) Ni-MoS₂

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Fig. 2. Cross-sectional SEM morphology of cladding layer

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$XRD diffraction patterns of coating$

Fig. 3. XRD diffraction patterns of coating

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Fig. 4. Microstructural morphology of cladding layer with different magnification factors. (a) 1000×; (b) 2000×; (c) 4000×; (d) 6000×

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Fig. 5. EPMA analysis results of coating. (a) Ti element; (b) S element; (c) Si element; (d) C element; (e) Ni element; (f) Al element; (g) Mo element; (h) Fe element; (i) Cr element; (j) back-scattering electron diagram

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Fig. 6. Crystal structures of Ti₂SC and Ti₂Ni. (a) Ti₂SC; (b) Ti₂Ni

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Fig. 7. Crystal relationship between (01 $\overset{ˉ}{1}$ 0 $)_{T i_{2} SC}$ and (001

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Fig. 9. White-light worn morphologies and wear depth curves. (a) TC4 substrate; (b) coating

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Fig. 10. SEM worn surface morphologies. (a) TC4 substrate; (b) coating

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Table 1. Chemical compositions of TC4 and Ni60 powders (mass fraction,%)
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of TC4 and Ni60 powders (mass fraction,%)
Material H B C N O Al Cr V Fe Ni Si Ti
TC4 ≤0.015 - ≤0.08 ≤0.05 ≤0.02 5.50--6.75 - 3.5--4.5 ≤0.3 - - Bal.
Ni60 - 2.5--4.5 1.0--2.0 - - - 14--18 - ≤17.0 Bal. 3.5--4.5 -

Table 2. Process parameters of laser cladding

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Table 2. Process parameters of laser cladding

Process parameter	Value	Process parameter	Value
Power /W	1100	Flow rate of feeding gas /(L·min^-1)	7.0
Scanning speed /(mm·min^-1)	400	Flow rate of shielding gas /(L·min^-1)	11.0
Spot diameter /mm	3.0	Focal length /mm	16.0
Flow rate of powder /(r·min^-1)	1.4	Lap ratio /%	50

Table 3. EDS detection results of laser cladding layer%

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Table 3. EDS detection results of laser cladding layer%

Phase	Proportion	Cr	B	C	Al	S	Ti	V	Ni	Mo	Si
A1(Ti₂SC)	Mass fraction	-	-	8.54	-	17.92	66.73	-	6.00	-	0.81
	Atomic fraction	-	-	25.46	-	20.00	49.85	-	3.66	-	1.03
A2(Ti₂Ni)	Mass fraction	-	-	-	2.58	2.17	57.46	-	37.79	-	-
	Atomic fraction	-	-	-	4.77	3.37	59.78	-	32.08	-	-
A3(α-Ti)	Mass fraction	2.21	-	-	4.23	4.26	75.89	5.36	6.65	1.40	-
	Atomic fraction	2.19	-	-	8.72	6.08	71.59	4.81	5.93	0.68	-
A4(TiC)	Mass fraction	-	2.17	15.07	-	-	67.98	-	14.78	-	-
	Atomic fraction	-	6.33	39.88	-	-	45.69	-	8.10	-	-
A5(TiC)	Mass fraction	-	1.94	16.06	-	-	64.43	-	4.09	13.48	-
	Atomic fraction	-	5.73	42.65	-	-	46.71	-	1.86	3.05	-

Table 4. Lattice parameters of Ti₂SC and Ti₂Ni^[28-29]
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Table 4. Lattice parameters of Ti₂SC and Ti₂Ni^[28-29]
Crystal Crystal structure Lattice parameter /(10^-10 m)
a b c
Ti₂SC Hexagonal 3.2100 3.2100 11.2000
Ti₂Ni Cubic 11.3193 11.3193 11.3193

Table 5. Calculation results of two-dimensional lattice misfit when (01 $\overset{ˉ}{1}$
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Table 5. Calculation results of two-dimensional lattice misfit when (01 $\overset{ˉ}{1}$
Matching item Crystal orientation 1 Crystal orientation 2 Crystal orientation 3
[uvw $]_{T i_{2} SC}$ [ $\bar{1}$ 000] [ $\bar{1}$ 001] [0001]
[uvw $]_{T i_{2} Ni}$ [110] [020] [ $\bar{1}$ 10]
α /(°) 0 0.653 0
$d_{{[uvw]}_{T i_{2} SC}}$ /(10^-10 m) 3.210 11.651 11.200
$d_{{[uvw]}_{T i_{2} Ni}}$ /(10^-10 m) 3.025 11.437 11.029
δ /% 3.18

Table 6. Tribological parameters of substrate and coating
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Table 6. Tribological parameters of substrate and coating
Material Wear depth /μm Wear volume /(10^-2 mm³) Average friction coefficient
TC4 substrate 100.8 15.38 0.649
Coating 69.3 8.38 0.458

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Tiangang Zhang, Qian Zhang, Huaifeng Zhuang, Peng Xue, Bo Yao, Yutong Xu, Baoxuan Li. Microstructure and Properties of Ti₂SC-Ti₂Ni Composite Structural Phase Self-Lubricating Laser Cladding Layer on TC4 Surface[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(11): 1114001

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