Fig. 1. Model diagram of a single charged particle passing through the electrode

Fig. 2. Equivalent circuit diagram of electrostatic sensor

Fig. 3. Schematic of concentric ring

Fig. 4. Flow chart of signal transmission

Fig. 5. Simulation results under the same speed, same electrode width, and different paths. (a) Energy distribution diagram; (b) induced charge quantity; (c) frequency response

Fig. 6. Simulation results at the same speed and different electrode widths.(a) Induced charge quantity; (b) frequency response

Fig. 7. Frequency response diagram of the same concentration, same electrode width, and different speeds

Fig. 8. Sensing area plan of electrostatic sensor