[2] [2] Nazeer U, Madhavi T, Kaleem F, et al. Intelligent Deep Learning-aided Future Beam and Proactive Handoff Prediction Model in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-assisted Anti-jamming Terahertz Communication System []. International Journal of Communication Systems, 2023, 36(13): e5504.

[3] [3] Shiva M, Andreas K, MichaeL K, et al. Extreme Ultra-Wideband Optoelectronic Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Terahertz Radar [J]. Laser Photonics Reviews, 2023, 17(11): 2300396.

[5] [5] Nie H, Hao F, Wang L, et al. Application of Terahertz Nondestructive Testing Technology in the Detection of Polyethylene Pipe Defects[J]. ACS Omega, 2023, 8 (30): 27323-27332.

[6] [6] Xi Y, Tan W, Lei Z, et al. CNN with Spatiotemporal Information for Fast Suspicious Object Detection and Recognition in THz Security Images [J]. Signal Processing, 2019, 160, 202-214.

[8] [8] Wang J, Sato K, Yoshida Y, et al. A Versatile Terahertz Chemical Microscope and Its Application for the Detection of Histamine [J]. Photonics, 2022, 9(1): 26.

[9] [9] Gunbina A, Tarasov M, Lemzyakov S, et al.Arrays of Electrically Small Antennas with SI-NIS Detectors for SubTHz Astronomy and Atmosphere Propagation Research [J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, 2015(1): 012054.

[14] [14] Wang K L, Mittleman D. Metal Wires for Terahertz Wave Guiding [J]. Nature, 2004, 432(7015): 376-379.

[15] [15] Wang K L, Mittleman D. Guided Propagation of Terahertz Pulses on Metal Wires [J]. JOSA B, 2005, 22(9): 2001-2008.

[16] [16] Wang K L, Mittleman D. Dispersionless Tera-hertz Waveguides [C]. Montreal: 19th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2006.

[17] [17] Jeon T I, Zhang J Q, Grischkowsky D. THz Sommerfeld Wave Propagation on a Single Metal Wire [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2005,86(16): 161904.

[18] [18] Zhu Z, Natsuki K, Kuniaki K, et al. Efficient Coupling of Propagating Broadband Terahertz Radial Beams to Metal Wires [J]. Optics Express, 2013, 21(9): 10642-10650.

[21] [21] Petrov N I. Dispersive Propagation of Terahertz Pulses in a Plasmonic Fiber [J]. Fibers,2023, 11(7): 62.

[22] [22] Maier S A, Andrews S R, Martin M L, et al.Terahertz Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation and Focusing on Periodically Corrugated Metal Wires [J]. Physical Review Letters,2006, 97(17): 176805

[24] [24] Zhou Z, Gan Z L, Cao L. Enhanced Polarization Conversion and Giant Faraday Rotation in Patterned Terahertz Graphene Metamaterials with Combined Electrical and Magnetic Tuning[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics,2023.

[25] [25] Yang DR, Cheng Y Z, Chen F, et al. Efficiency Tunable Broadband Terahertz Graphene Metasurface for Circular Polarization Anomalous Reflection and Plane Focusing Effeet [J].Diamond and Related Materials, 2023, 131:109605.

[26] [26] Mikhail Y M, Vyacheslav V P. Concept of Terahertz Waveguide Plasmon Amplifier Based on a Metal Groove with Active Graphene [J].Scienti fic Reports, 2022, 12(1): 22209.

[27] [27] Huang C C. Terahertz Waveguides by Coupling

[29] [29] Bradley B, James A H, Oduialeg M. Low-loss Modes in Hollow Metallic Terahertz Waveguides with Dielectric Coatings [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2008, 93(18): 181104.

[31] [31] Marko G, Rene B, Marco R. Comparative Terahertz Study of Rectangular Metal Waveguides with and Without a Ridge [J]. Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves,2015, 36(4): 327-334.

[32] [32] Xing L J, Cao Q, Zhang H F, et al. Terahertz Multichannel Notch Filter Consisting of Four T Shaped Cavities Based on Parallel Plate Waveguide [J]. AIP Advances, 2018, 8(12):125306.

[35] [35] Hui Z, Rajind M, Daniel M M. Characterization of the Terahertz Near-field Output of Parallel-plate Waveguides [J]. Josa B, 2011, 28(3): 558-566.

[36] [36] Gerhard M, Theuer M, Beigang R. Coupling into Tapered Metal Parallel Plate Waveguides Using a Focused Terahertz Beam [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2012, 101(4) : 041109.

[41] [41] Ma J, Liu H, Zhang S Y, et al. Antisymmetric Localization of Terahertz Defect Modes in a Planar Waveguide with Undulated Walls [J].Physica Scripta, 2022, 98(1): 015515.

[42] [42] Daru C, Haibin C. A Novel Low-loss Terahertz Waveguide: Polymer Tube [J]. Optics Express, 2010, 18(4): 3762-3767.

[43] [43] Li H, Atakaramians S, Kuhlmey B T. Low Loss and Single Mode Metal Dielectric Hybrid-clad Waveguides for Terahertz Radiation [C].SPIE, 2015, 9668: 19-26.

[46] [46] John S. Strong Localization of Photons in Certain Disordered Dielectric Superlattices [J].Physical Review Letters, 1987, 58 ( 23 ):2486-2489.

[47] [47] Yablonovitch E. Inhibited Spontaneous Emission in Solid-state Physics and Electronies [J].Physical Review Letters, 1987, 58 (23 );2059-2062.

[48] [48] Mustafa Z, Islam R M, Islam A M, et al.Topas-based Octa-circular Cladding and Rectan-gular Porous Core Photonic Crystal Fibre for Terahertz Waveguide [J]. IET Optoelectronics, 2023, 17(5): 202-213.

[52] [52] Sen S, Islam M S, Paul B K, et al. Ultra-low Loss with Single Mode Polymer-based Photonic Crystal Fiber for THz Waveguide [J]. Journal of Optical Communications, 2019, 40 (4):411-417.

[53] [53] Paul B K, Ahmed K. Analysis of Terahertz Waveguide Properties of Q-PCF Based on FEM Scheme [J]. Optical Materials, 2020, 100:109634.

[54] [54] Rahman M H, Rana M M, Hossain M S, et al. Analytical Approach for Modeling and Simulation of Photonic Crystal Fiber Based on Low Effective Material Loss [J]. SN Applied Sciences, 2023, 5(3): 71.

[56] [56] Habib M A, Reza M S, Abdulrazak L F, et al.Extremely High Birefringent and Low Loss Microstructure Analysis [J]. Optics Optical Waveguide: Design and Communications,2019, 446: 93-99.

[57] [57] Hossain M S, Kamruzzaman M M, Sen S, et al.Hexahedron Core with Sensor Based Photonic Crystal Fiber: an Approach of Design and Performance Analysis [J]. Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research, 2021, 32: 100426.

[58] [58] Ahmed K, Chowdhury S, Paul B K, et al. Ul-trahigh Birefringence, Ultralow Material Loss Porous Coresingle-mode Fiber for Terahertz Wave Guidance [J]. Appl Opt, 2017, 56(12);3477-3483.

[59] [59] Li S B, Wang Z J, Qi Z G, et al. A 0.1 THz Low-loss 3D Printed Hollow Waveguide [J].Optik, 2019, 176: 611-616.

[60] [60] Yang S, Sheng X, Zhao G, et al. Anti-deformation Low Loss Double Pentagon Nested Tera-hertz Hollow Core Fiber [J]. Optical Fiber Technology, 2020, 56: 102199.

[62] [62] Yan D X, Li J S. Design and Analysis of the Influence of Cladding Tubes on Novel THz Waveguide [J]. Optik, 2019, 180: 824-831.

[65] [65] Dong Z Y, Zhang X, Bai T T, et al. Research on Anti-resonant Terahertz Hollow Waveguides with Cascaded Bridges [J]. Optics Communications, 2023, 546: 129747.

[66] [66] Xu G F, Skorobogatiy M. Continuous Fabrication of Polarization Maintaining Fibers via an Annealing Improved Infinity Additive Manufacturing Technique for THz Communications [J].Optics Express, 2023, 31(8): 1289412911.

[67] [67] Yang S, Sheng X Z, Zhao G Z, et al. Novel Pentagram THz Hollow Core Anti-resonant Fiber Using a 3D Printer [J]. Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, 2019,40(7): 720-730.

[68] [68] Atsushi I, Zhang S, Dentcho A G, et al. Deep Subwavelength Terahertz Waveguides Using Gap Magnetic Plasmon [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2009, 102(4): 043904.

[69] [69] Gagan K, Shashank P, Albert C, et al. Planar Plasmonic Terahertz Waveguides Based on Periodically Corrugated Metal Films [J]. New Journal of Physics, 2011, 13(3): 033024.

[70] [70] Yang B J, Zhou Y J. Compact Broadband Slow Wave System Based on Spoof Plasmonic THz Waveguide with Meander Grooves [J]. Optics Communications, 2015, 356: 336-342.

[71] [71] Wang Z H, Feng H, Yang X F, et al. A Wind-mill-Shaped SSPP Waveguide for High-Efficiency Microwave and Terahertz Propagation [J]. Electronics, 2022, 11(9): 1293.

[72] [72] Kazuisao T, Masayuki F, Tadao N. Extremely Low-loss Terahertz Waveguide Based on Silicon Photonic-crystal Slab [J]. Optics Express, 2015,23(25): 31977-31990.