[1] Fang X Y, Ren H R, Gu M. Orbital angular momentum holography for high-security encryption[J]. Nat Photonics, 14, 102-108(2020).

[2] Shi L, Li B C, Kim C et al. Towards real-time photorealistic 3D holography with deep neural networks[J]. Nature, 591, 234-239(2021).

[3] Chang C L, Bang K, Wetzstein G et al. Toward the next-generation VR/AR optics: a review of holographic near-eye displays from a human-centric perspective[J]. Optica, 7, 1563-1578(2020).

[4] Blanche P A. Holography, and the future of 3D display[J]. Light Adv Manuf, 2, 446-459(2021).

[5] Pi D P, Liu J, Wang Y T. Review of computer-generated hologram algorithms for color dynamic holographic three-dimensional display[J]. Light Sci Appl, 11, 231(2022).

[6] Gabor D. A new microscopic principle[J]. Nature, 161, 777-778(1948).

[7] Leith E N, Upatnieks J. Reconstructed wavefronts and communication theory[J]. J Opt Soc Am, 52, 1123-1130(1962).

[8] Leith EN, Upatnieks J. Wavefront reconstruction with continuous-tone objects[J]. J Opt Soc Am, 53, 1377-1381(1963).

[9] Leith E N, Upatnieks J. Wavefront reconstruction with diffused illumination and three-dimensional objects[J]. J Opt Soc Am, 54, 1295-1301(1964).

[10] Lohmann A W, Paris D P. Binary fraunhofer holograms, generated by computer[J]. Appl Opt, 6, 1739-1748(1967).

[11] Lesem L B, Hirsch P M, Jordan J A. The kinoform: a new wavefront reconstruction device[J]. IBM J Res Dev, 13, 150-155(1969).

[12] Lee W H. Binary computer-generated holograms[J]. Appl Opt, 18, 3661-3669(1979).

[13] Pi D P, Liu J, Kang R F et al. Reducing the memory usage of computer-generated hologram calculation using accurate high-compressed look-up-table method in color 3D holographic display[J]. Opt Express, 27, 28410-28422(2019).

[14] Wang Z, Lv G Q, Feng Q B et al. Resolution priority holographic stereogram based on integral imaging with enhanced depth range[J]. Opt Express, 27, 2689-2702(2019).

[15] Wang Z, Zhu L M, Zhang X et al. Computer-generated photorealistic hologram using ray-wavefront conversion based on the additive compressive light field approach[J]. Opt Lett, 45, 615-618(2020).

[16] Chang C L, Cui W, Gao L. Holographic multiplane near-eye display based on amplitude-only wavefront modulation[J]. Opt Express, 27, 30960-30970(2019).

[17] Sui X M, He Z H, Jin G F et al. Band-limited double-phase method for enhancing image sharpness in complex modulated computer -generated holograms[J]. Opt Express, 29, 2597-2612(2021).

[18] Slinger C, Cameron C, Stanley M. Computer-generated holography as a generic display technology[J]. Computer, 38, 46-53(2005).

[19] Kelly D P, Monaghan D S, Pandey N et al. Digital holographic capture and optoelectronic reconstruction for 3D displays[J]. Int J Digit Multimed Broadcast, 2010, 759323(2010).

[20] Geng J. Three-dimensional display technologies[J]. Adv Opt Photonics, 5, 456-535(2013).

[21] Chen L Z, Zhu R Z, Zhang H. Speckle-free compact holographic near-eye display using camera-in-the-loop optimization with phase constraint[J]. Opt Express, 30, 46649-46665(2022).

[22] Liu K X, Wu J C, He Z H et al. 4K-DMDNet: diffraction model-driven network for 4K computer-generated holography[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 6, 220135(2023).

[23] Sui X M, He Z H, Cao L C et al. Wave-front encoding method of computer-generated holography based on liquid-crystal spatial light modulator[J]. Chin J Liq Cryst Dis, 37, 613-624(2022).

[24] Liu J, Pi D P, Wang Y T. Research progress of real-time holographic 3D display technology[J]. Acta Opt Sin, 43, 1509001(2023).

[25] Pi D P, Wang J, Liu J et al. Color dynamic holographic display based on complex amplitude modulation with bandwidth constraint strategy[J]. Opt Lett, 47, 4379-4382(2022).

[26] Sun K, Tan D Z, Fang X Y et al. Three-dimensional direct lithography of stable perovskite nanocrystals in glass[J]. Science, 375, 307-310(2022).

[27] Pi D P, Liu J, Wang J et al. Optimized computer-generated hologram for enhancing depth cue based on complex amplitude modulation[J]. Opt Lett, 47, 6377-6380(2022).

[28] Pi D P, Liu J, Han Y et al. Acceleration of computer-generated hologram using wavefront-recording plane and look-up table in three-dimensional holographic display[J]. Opt Express, 28, 9833-9841(2020).

[29] Peng Y, Nagase T, Kanamoto T et al. A virtual optical holographic encryption system using expanded diffie-hellman algorithm[J]. IEEE Access, 9, 22071-22077(2021).

[30] Li J Y, Chen L, Cai W Y et al. Holographic encryption algorithm based on bit-plane decomposition and hyperchaotic Lorenz system[J]. Opt Laser Technol, 152, 108127(2022).

[31] Hamadi I A, Jamal R K, Mousa S K. Image encryption based on computer generated hologram and rossler chaotic system[J]. Opt Quant Electron, 54, 33(2022).

[32] Dong Y B, Luan H T, Lin D J et al. Laser-induced graphene hologram reconfiguration for countersurveillance multisecret sharing[J]. Laser Photonics Rev, 17, 2200805(2023).

[33] Li K Y, Wang Y M, Pi D P et al. Multi-dimensional multiplexing optical secret sharing framework with cascaded liquid crystal holograms[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 7, 230121(2024).

[34] Song M H, Wang H J, Wu J B et al. A robust watermarking hybrid algorithm for color image[J]. MATEC Web Conf, 336, 07012(2021).

[35] Cheremkhin P A, Evtikhiev N N, Krasnov V V et al. Iterative synthesis of binary inline fresnel holograms for high-quality reconstruction in divergent beams with DMD[J]. Opt Lasers Eng, 150, 106859(2022).

[36] Huang L L, Chen X Z, Mühlenbernd H et al. Three-dimensional optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface[J]. Nat Commun, 4, 2808(2013).

[37] Wen D D, Cadusch J J, Meng J J et al. Light field on a chip: metasurface-based multicolor holograms[J]. Adv Photonics, 3, 024001(2021).

[38] Kim J, Seong J, Yang Y et al. Tunable metasurfaces towards versatile metalenses and metaholograms: a review[J]. Adv Photonics, 4, 024001(2022).

[39] Zheng G X, Mühlenbernd H, Kenney M et al. Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency[J]. Nat Nanotechnol, 10, 308-312(2015).

[40] Ding X M, Wang Z C, Hu G W et al. Metasurface holographic image projection based on mathematical properties of fourier transform[J]. PhotoniX, 1, 16(2020).

[41] Yu N F, Genevet P, Kats M A et al. Light propagation with phase discontinuities: generalized laws of reflection and refraction[J]. Science, 334, 333-337(2011).

[42] Li G X, Zhang S, Zentgraf T. Nonlinear photonic metasurfaces[J]. Nat Rev Mater, 2, 17010(2017).

[43] Chen S Q, Liu W W, Li Z C et al. Metasurface‐empowered optical multiplexing and multifunction[J]. Ad Mater, 32, 1805912(2020).

[44] Deng Z L, Jin M K, Ye X et al. Full-color complex-amplitude vectorial holograms based on multi-freedom metasurfaces[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 30, 1910610(2020).

[45] Nemati A, Wang Q, Hong M H et al. Tunable and reconfigurable metasurfaces and metadevices[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 1, 180009(2018).

[46] Yu N F, Capasso F. Flat optics with designer metasurfaces[J]. Nat Mater, 13, 139-150(2014).

[47] Aieta F, Genevet P, Kats M A et al. Aberration-free ultrathin flat lenses and axicons at telecom wavelengths based on plasmonic metasurfaces[J]. Nano Lett, 12, 4932-4936(2012).

[48] Kildishev A V, Boltasseva A, Shalaev V M. Planar photonics with metasurfaces[J]. Science, 339, 1232009(2013).

[49] Lin D M, Fan P Y, Hasman E et al. Dielectric gradient metasurface optical elements[J]. Science, 345, 298-302(2014).

[50] Holloway C L, Kuester E F, Gordon J A et al. An overview of the theory and applications of metasurfaces: the two-dimensional equivalents of metamaterials[J]. IEEE Antennas Propag Mag, 54, 10-35(2012).

[51] Ni X J, Kildishev A V, Shalaev V M. Metasurface holograms for visible light[J]. Nat Commun, 4, 2807(2013).

[52] Arbabi A, Horie Y, Bagheri M et al. Dielectric metasurfaces for complete control of phase and polarization with subwavelength spatial resolution and high transmission[J]. Nat Nanotechnol, 10, 937-943(2015).

[53] Khorasaninejad M, Chen W T, Devlin R C et al. Metalenses at visible wavelengths: diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging[J]. Science, 352, 1190-1194(2016).

[54] Pors A, Nielsen M G, Eriksen R L et al. Broadband focusing flat mirrors based on plasmonic gradient metasurfaces[J]. Nano Lett, 13, 829-834(2013).

[55] Wu P C, Tsai W Y, Chen W T et al. Versatile polarization generation with an aluminum plasmonic metasurface[J]. Nano Lett, 17, 445-452(2017).

[56] Wang S, Deng Z L, Wang Y J et al. Arbitrary polarization conversion dichroism metasurfaces for all-in-one full Poincaré sphere polarizers[J]. Light Sci Appl, 10, 24(2021).

[57] Fan Q B, Liu M Z, Zhang C et al. Independent amplitude control of arbitrary orthogonal states of polarization via dielectric metasurfaces[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 125, 267402(2020).

[58] Cao L C, He Z H, Liu K X et al. Progress and challenges in dynamic holographic 3D display for the metaverse (Invited)[J]. Infrared Laser Eng, 51, 20210935(2022).

[59] Zheng S J, Lin X, Huang Z Y et al. Light field regulation based on polarization holography[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 49, 220114(2022).

[60] Hu M X, Wang Z Q, Li X P et al. Metasurface polarization information encoding[J]. Chin J Lasers, 50, 1813010(2023).

[61] Born M, Wolf E, Hecht E. Principles of optics: electromagnetic theory of propagation, interference and diffraction of light[J]. Phys Today, 53, 77-78(2000).

[62] Dorrah A H, Rubin N A, Zaidi A et al. Metasurface optics for on-demand polarization transformations along the optical path[J]. Nat Photonics, 15, 287-296(2021).

[63] Zhao R Z, Xiao X F, Geng G Z et al. Polarization and holography recording in real- and k-space based on dielectric metasurface[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 31, 2100406(2021).

[64] Grady N K, Heyes J E, Chowdhury D R et al. Terahertz metamaterials for linear polarization conversion and anomalous refraction[J]. Science, 340, 1304-1307(2013).

[65] Gao Y J, Xiong X, Wang Z H et al. Simultaneous generation of arbitrary assembly of polarization states with geometrical-scaling-induced phase modulation[J]. Phys Rev X, 10, 031035(2020).

[66] Arbabi E, Kamali S M, Arbabi A et al. Full-stokes imaging polarimetry using dielectric metasurfaces[J]. ACS Photonics, 5, 3132-3140(2018).

[67] Balthasar Mueller J P, Rubin N A, Devlin RC et al. Metasurface polarization optics: independent phase control of arbitrary orthogonal states of polarization[J]. Phys Rev Lett, 118, 113901(2017).

[68] Wen D D, Yue F Y, Li G X et al. Helicity multiplexed broadband metasurface holograms[J]. Nat Commun, 6, 8241(2015).

[69] Goldstein D H. Polarized Light[M](2017). https://doi.org/10.1201/b10436

[70] Kumar A, Ghatak A. Polarization of Light with Applications in Optical Fibers[M](2011).

[71] Chipman R A, Lam W S T, Young G. Polarized Light and Optical Systems[M](2018). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351129121

[72] Azzam R M A, Bashara N M, Ballard S S. Ellipsometry and polarized light[J]. Phys Today, 31, 72-72(1978).

[73] Ozaki M, Kato J I, Kawata S. Surface-plasmon holography with white-light illumination[J]. Science, 332, 218-220(2011).

[74] Montelongo Y, Tenorio-Pearl J O, Williams C et al. Plasmonic nanoparticle scattering for color holograms[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 111, 12679-12683(2014).

[75] Walther B, Helgert C, Rockstuhl C et al. Spatial and spectral light shaping with metamaterials[J]. Adv Mater, 24, 6300-6304(2012).

[76] Huang Y W, Chen W T, Tsai W Y et al. Aluminum plasmonic multicolor meta-hologram[J]. Nano Lett, 15, 3122-3127(2015).

[77] Wan W W, Gao J, Yang X D. Full-color plasmonic metasurface holograms[J]. ACS Nano, 10, 10671-10680(2016).

[78] Masters B R. Fundamentals of photonics, second edition[J]. J Biomed Opt, 13, 049901(2008).

[79] Zhao R Z, Sain B, Wei Q S et al. Multichannel vectorial holographic display and encryption[J]. Light Sci Appl, 7, 95(2018).

[80] Gerchberg R W, Saxton W O. A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane pictures[J]. Optik, 35, 237-246(1972).

[81] Hu Y Q, Li L, Wang Y J et al. Trichromatic and tripolarization-channel holography with noninterleaved dielectric metasurface[J]. Nano Lett, 20, 994-1002(2020).

[82] Bao Y J, Wen L, Chen Q et al. Toward the capacity limit of 2D planar Jones matrix with a single-layer metasurface[J]. Sci Adv, 7, eabh0365(2021).

[83] Zhang S F, Huang L L, Geng G Z et al. Full-stokes polarization transformations and time sequence metasurface holographic display[J]. Photonics Res, 10, 1031-1038(2022).

[84] Bao Y J, Nan F, Yan J H et al. Observation of full-parameter Jones matrix in bilayer metasurface[J]. Nat Commun, 13, 7550(2022).

[85] Zhang F, Pu M B, Luo J et al. Symmetry breaking of photonic spin-orbit interactions in metasurfaces[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 44, 319-325(2017).

[86] Deng Z L, Deng J H, Zhuang X et al. Diatomic metasurface for vectorial holography[J]. Nano Lett, 18, 2885-2892(2018).

[87] Ding F, Chang B D, Wei Q S et al. Versatile polarization generation and manipulation using dielectric metasurfaces[J]. Laser Photonics Rev, 14, 2000116(2020).

[88] Rubin N A, Zaidi A, Dorrah A H et al. Jones matrix holography with metasurfaces[J]. Sci Adv, 7, eabg7488(2021).

[89] Song Q H, Baroni A, Sawant R et al. Ptychography retrieval of fully polarized holograms from geometric-phase metasurfaces[J]. Nat Commun, 11, 2651(2020).

[90] Song Q, Khadir S, Vézian S et al. Bandwidth-unlimited polarization-maintaining metasurfaces[J]. Sci Adv, 7, eabe1112(2021).

[91] Wen D D, Cadusch J J, Meng J J et al. Vectorial holograms with spatially continuous polarization distributions[J]. Nano Lett, 21, 1735-1741(2021).

[92] Song Q H, Baroni A, Wu P C et al. Broadband decoupling of intensity and polarization with vectorial Fourier metasurfaces[J]. Nat Commun, 12, 3631(2021).

[93] Wan W P, Yang W H, Feng H et al. Multiplexing vectorial holographic images with arbitrary metaholograms[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 9, 2100626(2021).

[94] Mao N B, Zhang G Q, Tang Y T et al. Nonlinear vectorial holography with quad-atom metasurfaces[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 119, e2204418119(2022).

[95] Jin L, Dong Z G, Mei S T et al. Noninterleaved metasurface for (26–1) spin- and wavelength-encoded holograms[J]. Nano Lett, 18, 8016-8024(2018).

[96] Arbabi E, Kamali S M, Arbabi A et al. Vectorial holograms with a dielectric metasurface: ultimate polarization pattern generation[J]. ACS Photonics, 6, 2712-2718(2019).

[97] Kim I, Jang J, Kim G et al. Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform[J]. Nat Commun, 12, 3614(2021).

[98] Guo X Y, Zhong J Z, Li B J et al. Full-color holographic display and encryption with full-polarization degree of freedom[J]. Adv Mater, 34, 2103192(2022).

[99] Wan W P, Yang W H, Ye S et al. Tunable full-color vectorial meta-holography[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 10, 2201478(2022).

[100] Wang Z Y, Zhou Z, Zhang H et al. Vectorial liquid-crystal holography[J]. eLight, 4, 5(2024).

[101] Ren H R, Shao W, Li Y et al. Three-dimensional vectorial holography based on machine learning inverse design[J]. Sci Adv, 6, eaaz4261(2020).

[102] Fang X Y, Hu X N, Li B L et al. Orbital angular momentum-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding[J]. Light Sci Appl, 13, 49(2024).

[103] Ni J C, Huang C, Zhou L M et al. Multidimensional phase singularities in nanophotonics[J]. Science, 374, eabj0039(2021).

[104] Ahmed S, Jiang X T, Wang C et al. An insightful picture of nonlinear photonics in 2D materials and their applications: recent advances and future prospects[J]. Adv Opt Mater, 9, 2001671(2021).

[105] Fang X Y, Ren H R, Li K Y et al. Nanophotonic manipulation of optical angular momentum for high-dimensional information optics[J]. Adv Opt Photonics, 13, 772-833(2021).

[106] Ren H R, Fang X Y, Jang J et al. Complex-amplitude metasurface-based orbital angular momentum holography in momentum space[J]. Nat Nanotechnol, 15, 948-955(2020).

[107] Meng W J, Hua Y H, Cheng K et al. 100 Hertz frame-rate switching three-dimensional orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography via cross convolution[J]. Opto-Electron Sci, 1, 220004(2022).

[108] Guo Y H, Pu M B, Zhao Z Y et al. Merging geometric phase and plasmon retardation phase in continuously shaped metasurfaces for arbitrary orbital angular momentum generation[J]. ACS Photonics, 3, 2022-2029(2016).

[109] Xiong B, Liu Y, Xu Y H et al. Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise[J]. Science, 379, 294-299(2023).

[110] Liu Y C, Xu K, Fan X H et al. Dynamic interactive bitwise meta-holography with ultra-high computational and display frame rates[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 7, 230108(2024).

[111] Zhang F, Pu M B, Li X et al. All-dielectric metasurfaces for simultaneous giant circular asymmetric transmission and wavefront shaping based on asymmetric photonic spin–orbit interactions[J]. Adv Funct Mater, 27, 1704295(2017).

[112] Li X P, Ren H R, Chen X et al. Athermally photoreduced graphene oxides for three-dimensional holographic images[J]. Nat Commun, 6, 6984(2015).

[113] Li X, Chen L W, Li Y et al. Multicolor 3D meta-holography by broadband plasmonic modulation[J]. Sci Adv, 2, e1601102(2016).

[114] Lim K T P, Liu H L, Liu Y J et al. Holographic colour prints for enhanced optical security by combined phase and amplitude control[J]. Nat Commun, 10, 25(2019).

[115] Feldmann J, Youngblood N, Wright C D et al. All-optical spiking neurosynaptic networks with self-learning capabilities[J]. Nature, 569, 208-214(2019).

[116] Li X, Chen Q M, Zhang X et al. Time-sequential color code division multiplexing holographic display with metasurface[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 6, 220060(2023).

[117] Zhu S K, Zheng Z H, Meng W J et al. Harnessing disordered photonics via multi-task learning towards intelligent four-dimensional light field sensors[J]. PhotoniX, 4, 26(2023).

[118] Wang J Y, Tan X D, Qi P L et al. Linear polarization holography[J]. Opto-Electron Sci, 1, 210009(2022).

[119] Lalanne P, Astilean S, Chavel P et al. Design and fabrication of blazed binary diffractive elements with sampling periods smaller than the structural cutoff[J]. J Opt Soc Am A, 16, 1143-1156(1999).

[120] Genevet P, Capasso F, Aieta F et al. Recent advances in planar optics: from plasmonic to dielectric metasurfaces[J]. Optica, 4, 139-152(2017).

[121] Lalanne P, Chavel P. Metalenses at visible wavelengths: past, present, perspectives[J]. Laser Photonics Rev, 11, 1600295(2017).

[122] Chen H T, Taylor A J, Yu N F. A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications[J]. Rep Prog Phys, 79, 076401(2016).

[123] Wang S M, Wu P C, Su V C et al. A broadband achromatic metalens in the visible[J]. Nat Nanotechnol, 13, 227-232(2018).

[124] Bomzon Z, Biener G, Kleiner V et al. Space-variant Pancharatnam–berry phase optical elements with computer-generated subwavelength gratings[J]. Opt Lett, 27, 1141-1143(2002).

[125] Yan L B, Zhu W M, Karim M F et al. 0.2 λ0 Thick adaptive retroreflector made of spin‐locked metasurface[J]. Adv Mater, 30, 1802721(2018).

[126] Song Q H, Wu P C, Zhu W M et al. Split archimedean spiral metasurface for controllable GHz asymmetric transmission[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 114, 151105(2019).

[127] Lassaline N, Brechbühler R, Vonk S J W et al. Optical fourier surfaces[J]. Nature, 582, 506-510(2020).

[128] Ren H R, Briere G, Fang X Y et al. Metasurface orbital angular momentum holography[J]. Nat Commun, 10, 2986(2019).

[129] Yin X B, Ye Z L, Rho J et al. Photonic spin hall effect at metasurfaces[J]. Science, 339, 1405-1407(2013).

[130] Devlin R C, Ambrosio A, Rubin N A et al. Arbitrary spin-to–orbital angular momentum conversion of light[J]. Science, 358, 896-901(2017).

[131] Zhao H, Wang X K, Liu S T et al. Highly efficient vectorial field manipulation using a transmitted tri-layer metasurface in the terahertz band[J]. Opto-Electron Adv, 6, 220012(2023).