Fig. 1. Structure of LSCM system and working principle of scanning module. (a) Principle of LSCM system; (b) schematic diagram of scanning module

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of scanner. (a) Sampling line-by-line; (b) sampling interlacingly

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of dislocation phenomenon by sampling line-by-line. (a) Ideal synchronization signal; (b) synchronization signal when dislocation occurs; (c) cross-sectional image of pumpkin stem without dislocation; (d) cross-sectional image of pumpkin stem with dislocation

Fig. 4. Dislocated image with dark areas and corresponding distribution of the misalignment. (a) Dislocated image; (b) distribution of the misalignment

Fig. 5. Relationship between the clustered misalignment and the x-direction gradient map

Fig. 6. Flowchart for calculating the total misalignment of the dislocated image

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of reshape the image into a one dimensional vector

Fig. 8. Flowchart for correction of dislocated image

Fig. 9. Laser point scanning confocal imaging system

Fig. 10. Comparison before and after correction of dislocated images. (a) Undistorted image; (b) dislocated image; (c) corrected image; (d)‒(f) distribution of pixels corresponding to red line regions in (a)‒(c)

Fig. 11. Correction results by different methods for dislocated image in extreme dark light condition. (a) Dislocated image of gold particles; (b) correction result by the proposed method ; (c) correction result by the method in Ref. [9]

Fig. 12. Corneal layer dislocated images and corresponding corrected images of living rabbit. (a) Dislocated image of corneal endoderm; (b) dislocated image of stromal layer; (c) dislocated image of corneal epithelium; (d)‒(f) corrected images of Figs.12 (a)‒(c)