Fig. 1. Laser processing equipment. (a) Schematic diagram; (b) photo

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of solar desalination experimental device

Fig. 3. Diameter and depth of point structure versus single pulse energy. (a) Diameter; (b) depth

Fig. 4. Surface microstructures of point structures under different single pulse energies

Fig. 5. Diameter and depth of point structure versus pulse number. (a) Diameter; (b) depth

Fig. 6. Surface microstructures of point structures under different pulse numbers

Fig. 7. Influence of laser process parameters on characteristic parameters of line structure. (a) Influence of single pulse energy on width and depth of line structure; (b) influence of laser scanning speed on width and depth of line structure; (c) influence of number of scans on width and depth of line structure

Fig. 8. Influence of process parameters on surface morphology of line structure. (a) Single pulse energy (v=100 mm/s, T=1);

Fig. 9. Surface morphologies of surface structures under different scanning intervals. (a) 20 μm; (b) 50 μm; (c) 80 μm; (d) 120 μm; (e) 150 μm

Fig. 10. Influence of number of scans on surface morphology of line array structure

Fig. 11. Simulated solar desalination of point array structured evaporators with different scan intervals. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 12. Simulated solar desalination of point array structured evaporators at different depths. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 13. Simulated solar desalination of line array structured evaporators with different scan intervals. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 14. Simulated solar desalination of line array structured evaporators at different depths. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 15. Simulated solar desalination of evaporators with different step widths. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 16. Simulated solar desalination of surface structured evaporators with different c values. (a) Evaporating dish mass change; (b) evaporation rate of evaporator in certain time interval

Fig. 17. Optical properties of stepped structured evaporator surface. (a) Reflectivity values of evaporators under different widths; (b) reflectivity values of evaporators under different c when a=b=720 μm

Fig. 18. Outdoor seawater desalination experiment and water quality testing. (a) Temperature and light intensity on day of outdoor experiment; (b) variation in outdoor mass of evaporating dish; (c) mass concentration changes of ions before and after seawater desalination