Infrared and Laser Engineering, Volume. 54, Issue 4, 20250095(2025)

Recent advances of optical fiber vector geophone (invited)

Hong GAO1, Dakuan YU1, Xiaodong LUO1, Wei FAN1, Huidong LI1, and Xueguang QIAO2、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Resource Optical Fiber Detection, College of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
  • 2Department of Physics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710065, China
  • show less
    Figures & Tables(25)
    Basic structure of inertial geophone
    Amplitude frequency characteristics of geophone. (a) Displacement sensor; (b) Velocity sensor; (c) Accelerometer
    Schematic diagram of the DAS
    Three component geophone of DAS. (a) Internal structure; (b) Frequency response curve[65]
    Typical fiber laser structure. (a) DFBFL; (b) DBRFL
    Fiber-optic extrinsic FP interferometer scheme[36]
    Stack section comparison of three geophones[68]
    Fiber optic interferometric geophone[86]
    Thin clad FBG sensitization method. (a) Sensitization structure diagram; (b) Frequency responses of three geophones[102]
    Tri-axis FBG geophone. (a) Elastic sheets; (b) FBG accelerometer; (c) Schematic; (d) Photo[32]
    3D FBG geophone. (a) Photo of geophone; (b) Schematic diagram of internal design; (c) Temperature response; (d) Orientation-dependent response[115]
    The triaxial dual FBG geophone scheme [116]
    3D FBG geophone with two pairs of flexible hinges[119]
    Structure of four FBG 3D geophone[120]
    3D vector FBG geophone. (a) Model; (b) Elastic structure[121]
    7-CF vector geophone. (a) Fiber core selection cross-sectional view; (b) Design structure diagram and physical photos[130]
    Cascaded 7-CF vector geophone. (a) Mold of the cylinder; (b) Photograph of the cylinder; (c) Photograph of the geophone; (d) Schematic diagram of cascaded multiplexing[131]
    Orthogonal polarization vector geophone. (a) Micrograph and the cross section of PMF;(b) Sensitivity and orthogonal-polarimetric orientation[133]
    MMF-TFBG vector geophone scheme [134]
    Schematic diagram of ExTFG geophone[135]
    Schematic diagram of series orthogonal cladding FBGs[142]
    Parallel cladding FBGs. (a) Writting device of CWBGs; (b) Microscopic view of fiber cross-section; (c) Microscopic view of the processed waveguide[143]
    Orthogonal cladding FBGs. (a) Schematic diagram; (b) Photomicrograph; (c) Test graph [144]
    • Table 1. Classification of fiber optic seismic geophones

      View table
      View in Article

      Table 1. Classification of fiber optic seismic geophones

      Classification criteriaOptical fiber geophone
      Optical characteristic parameters modulated by seismic wavesIntensity-type fiber optic geophone[6-7]
      Wavelength-type fiber optic geophone[8-9]
      Polarization-type fiber optic geophone[10-11]
      Phase-type fiber optic geophone[12-13]
      Types of optical fiber sensing technologiesDistributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) [14-16]
      Optical fiber laser geophone[17-19]
      Optical fiber interferometric geophone[20-21]
      Fiber Bragg grating geophone[22-23]
      Differences in the number of geophonesDistributed fiber-optic geophones[24-25]
      Single-point array fiber-optic geophones[26]
      Detect the types of seismic wavesSingle-component geophone[27-29]
      Multi-component geophone[30-33]
      Types of vibration metersDisplacement type fiber optic geophone[34-37]
      Acceleration type fiber optic geophone[38-40]
      Strain type fiber optic geophone[41-42]
      Rotary type fiber optic geophone[43-44]
    • Table 2. The indicators and characteristics of four typical types of geophones

      View table
      View in Article

      Table 2. The indicators and characteristics of four typical types of geophones

      Types of fiber optic geophoneRef.Directly measured parameterVector detection methodMain parameterMain parameter valuesCharacteristic
      Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)[58]StrainNoSensing range, spatial resolution, SNR175 km, 25 m, 12.1 dBConvenient to install, long-distance, distributed measurement, moderate sensitivity, difficult to conduct vector detection
      [59]StrainNo204.3 km, 2 m, 43.2 dB
      [62]AccelerationOrthogonal combinationResonant frequency, sensitivity350 Hz, 26 dB·rad·m·s−2
      Fiber optic laser geophone[68]AccelerationNoFrequency range, sensitivity10-300 Hz, 100 pm/gSingle-point cascadeable measurement, high sensitivity, wide frequency band
      [36]AccelerationOrthogonal combinationFrequency range, acceleration noise floor0.3-5 Hz, $0.1 \;{\mathrm{n}g}/\sqrt {{\mathrm{Hz}}} $
      [17]AccelerationOrthogonal combination20-200 Hz, $17.99{\text{ }}\;{\mathrm{n}g}/\sqrt {{\mathrm{Hz}}} $
      Fiber optic interferometric geophone[38]AccelerationOrthogonal combinationFrequency range, sensitivity10-500 Hz, 90 rad/gSingle-point measurement, high sensitivity, wide bandwidth, difficult to be cascaded, vulnerable to environmental factors
      [90]AccelerationOrthogonal combination1-50 Hz, 48-60 dB(0 dB=1 rad/g
      [30]AccelerationCommon mass block1-80 Hz, 42.6 dB(0 dB=1 rad/g
      Fiber Bragg grating geophone[32]AccelerationOrthogonal combinationFrequency range, sensitivity10-70 Hz, 1157-1223 pm/gSingle-point measurement, various vector detection methods, relatively high sensitivity and wide bandwidth, easy to cascade
      [121]AccelerationCommon mass block20-500 Hz, 30.87-70 pm/g
      [132]Acceleration2D+1D10-70 Hz, 723.9 pm/g
      [144]Acceleration2D+1D5-25 Hz, 21.3 mV/g
    Tools

    Get Citation

    Copy Citation Text

    Hong GAO, Dakuan YU, Xiaodong LUO, Wei FAN, Huidong LI, Xueguang QIAO. Recent advances of optical fiber vector geophone (invited)[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2025, 54(4): 20250095

    Download Citation

    EndNote(RIS)BibTexPlain Text
    Save article for my favorites
    Paper Information

    Category: Invited review

    Received: Jan. 31, 2025

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: May. 16, 2025

    The Author Email: Xueguang QIAO (xgqiao@nwu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/IRLA20250095

    Topics