Fig. 1. Energy-level scheme of Tm³⁺ ions in host crystal.

Fig. 2. Scheme of a Tm:YVO₄ laser operating on the ³H₄→³H₅ and ³F₄→³H₆ transitions.

Fig. 3. Lasing spectrum of the Tm:YVO₄ laser.

Fig. 4. Output powers versus incident pump power for the Tm:YVO₄ laser at the heat sink temperatures of 12°C and 20°C.

Fig. 5. Output powers versus incident pump power for the Tm:YVO₄ laser at the heat sink temperature of 12°C.

Fig. 6. Measured beam qualities of the Tm:YVO₄ laser at maximum output power: (a) M² = 2.34 at 2292 and M² = 2.27 at 2363 nm; (b) M² = 1.61 at 2108 nm.