Advances in Cavity Ring-Down Absorption Spectroscopy Research and Typical Applications

Yuyang Xu; Jin Yu; Zeqiang Mo; Huimin Jia; Jilong Tang; Xiaohua Wang; Jinduo Wang; Zhipeng Wei

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.1900001

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 58, Issue 19, 1900001(2021)

Advances in Cavity Ring-Down Absorption Spectroscopy Research and Typical Applications

Yuyang Xu^1,2, Jin Yu^2,3、**, Zeqiang Mo^2,3, Huimin Jia¹, Jilong Tang¹, Xiaohua Wang¹, Jinduo Wang³, and Zhipeng Wei^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹State Key Laboratory for High Power Semiconductor Laser of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun , Jilin 130022, China

²Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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Figures & Tables(20)

Fig. 1. Light bullet model

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Fig. 2. Schematic of detection device for pulse cavity ring-down spectroscopy

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Fig. 3. Schematic of detection device for phase-shift cavity ring-down spectroscopy

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Fig. 4. Schematic of detection device for continuous cavity ring-down spectroscopy

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Fig. 5. Detection block diagram of two-dimensional detection

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Fig. 6. Detection block diagram of wavelength selection broad spectrum

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Fig. 7. Schematic of typical linear cavity structure

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Fig. 8. Typical V-shaped folding cavity structure

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Fig. 9. Typical butterfly cavities with four mirrors. (a) Single optical path butterfly cavity; (b) double optical path butterfly cavity

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Fig. 10. Typical structure of triangular ring cavity

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Fig. 11. Typical fiber cavity ring-down structure

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Fig. 12. Schematic of transverse mode matching^[43]

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Fig. 13. Frequency matching diagrams^[43]. (a) Pulse laser; (b) continuous laser

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Fig. 14. Schematic of cavity length adjustment method

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Fig. 15. Schematic of frequency matching and output light intensity

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Fig. 16. Schematic of detection setup of high-speed CRDS^[52]

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Fig. 17. NO₃ test results in different experimental environments^[56].(a) In laboratory environment; (b) in airborne experimen

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Fig. 18. Ion distribution in different reaction regions and OH luminous intensity distribution^[59]. (a) Pure plasma area; (b) hybrid plasma flame area; (c) combustion flame area; (d) OH luminous intensity distribution

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Table 1. Phase difference, transmitted light intensity, maximum transmitted light intensity and the number of single round trips for different types of cavity mirrors

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Table 1. Phase difference, transmitted light intensity, maximum transmitted light intensity and the number of single round trips for different types of cavity mirrors

Cavity	φ	I_t	I_tMax	L_n	n
Linear cavity	$4 π n_{1} L_{1} v / c$	$I_{0} \frac{(1 - R_{1}) (1 - R_{2})}{{(1 - \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2}})}^{2} + 4 \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2}} s i n^{2} (\frac{φ}{2})}$	1	$2 L_{1}$	2
Folding cavity	$4 π n_{1} (L_{1} + L_{2}) v / c$	$I_{0} \frac{(1 - R_{1}) (1 - R_{2})}{{(1 - R_{1} \sqrt[]{R_{2} R_{3}})}^{2} + 4 R_{1} \sqrt[]{R_{2} R_{3}} s i n^{2} (\frac{φ}{2})}$	$I_{0} \frac{1}{{(1 + R)}^{2}}$	$2 (L_{1} + L_{2})$	2
Triangular ring cavity	$4 π n_{1} (L_{1} + L_{2} + L_{3}) v / c$	$I_{0} \frac{(1 - R_{1}) (1 - R_{2})}{{(1 - \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2} R_{3}})}^{2} + 4 \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2} R_{3}} s i n^{2} (\frac{φ}{2})}$	$I_{0} {(\frac{1 + \sqrt[]{R}}{1 + \sqrt[]{R} + R})}^{2}$	$L_{1} + L_{2} + L_{3}$	1
Butterfly cavity	$4 π n_{1} (L_{1} + L_{2} + L_{3} + L_{4}) v / c$	$I_{0} \frac{(1 - R_{1}) (1 - R_{2})}{{(1 - \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2} R_{3} R_{4}})}^{2} + 4 \sqrt[]{R_{1} R_{2} R_{3} R_{4}} s i n^{2} (\frac{φ}{2})}$	$I_{0} \frac{1}{{(1 + R)}^{2}}$	$\begin{array}{l} L_{1} + L_{2} + \\ L_{3} + L_{4} \end{array}$	1

Table 2. Advantages and disadvantages of different types cavity mirrors and their detection sensitivity

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Table 2. Advantages and disadvantages of different types cavity mirrors and their detection sensitivity

Cavity	Advantage	Disadvantage	Sensitivity /cm^-1
Linear cavity	The structure is simple，adjusting cavity is easy，and the lenses are few	Optical isolator adds extra loss，PZT is difficult to install	10^-12
Folding cavity	Small volume and long optical path，folding mirror facilitates the installation of PZT	Requires optical feedback controller and increases the number of cavity mirrors to make the signal-to-noise ratio lower	10^-9
Ring cavity	Small volume and long optical path，folding mirror facilitates the installation of PZT，high-resolution and without light feedback	The number of cavity mirrors increases to make the signal-to-noise ratio lower	10^-11

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Yuyang Xu, Jin Yu, Zeqiang Mo, Huimin Jia, Jilong Tang, Xiaohua Wang, Jinduo Wang, Zhipeng Wei. Advances in Cavity Ring-Down Absorption Spectroscopy Research and Typical Applications[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(19): 1900001

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Paper Information

Category: Reviews

Received: Nov. 27, 2020

Accepted: Jan. 2, 2021

Published Online: Sep. 28, 2021

The Author Email: Jin Yu (jinyu@aoe.ac.cn), Zhipeng Wei (zpweicust@126.com)

DOI:10.3788/LOP202158.1900001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology