Fig. 1. Sensor schematic diagram

Fig. 2. The fundamental mode field distribution of an MNF with a diameter of 4 µm

Fig. 3. Energy proportion of the evanescent field in MNF

Fig. 4. Electric field distribution of MNF with different diameters and bending radius

Fig. 5. Analysis of sensor structure，physical specimen，spectral characteristics and encapsulation effects

Fig. 6. Mechanical performance test

Fig. 7. Response of sensor at different frequencies under 1 N pressure

Fig. 8. Test for vocal cord speech signal

Fig. 9. Accuracy of three models over 100 training epochs

Fig. 10. YOLOv8 model

Fig. 11. Generalizability experiment on vocal cord vibrations