Adaptive Descent Distance Cloth Simulation Algorithm for Pavement Pothole Extraction

Rufei Liu; Weibin Xu; Qianying Zhao; Zhanwen Su

doi:10.3788/LOP241089

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 2, 0237006(2025)

Adaptive Descent Distance Cloth Simulation Algorithm for Pavement Pothole Extraction

Rufei Liu^1、*, Weibin Xu¹, Qianying Zhao², and Zhanwen Su¹

Author Affiliations

¹College of Geodesy and Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong , China

²Qingdao Geology and Minerals Rock and Soil Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266072, Shandong , China

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Figures & Tables(11)

Fig. 1. Flowchart of pavement pothole extraction process

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Fig. 2. Rendering images of the pavement point cloud. (a) True color rendering image; (b) elevation three-dimensional rendering image

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Fig. 3. Simulated process of cloth drop. (a) Original simulated process of cloth drop; (b) improved simulated process of cloth drop

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Fig. 4. Rendering images of depth information under different internal forces. (a) Internal force of 1; (b) internal force of 5; (c) internal force of 10

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Fig. 5. Elevation rendering image of measured data

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Fig. 6. Results of pothole detection

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Fig. 7. Panoramic and local magnification of detection results for Fig. 6. (a) Region A; (b) region B; (c) region C; (d) region D; (e) region E; (f) region F

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Fig. 8. Comparison of results by different algorithms. (a) Proposed algorithm; (b) traditonal CSF algorithm; (c) RANSAC; (d) cross-sectional comparison between the datum plane constructed by different algorithms and the pavement point cloud

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Table 1. Detection results of potholes
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Table 1. Detection results of potholes
Algorithm $N_{T P}$ $N_{F P}$ $N_{F N}$ R /% P /%
Proposed 35 5 7 83.3 87.5
Traditional CSF 29 11 15 65.9 72.5
RANSAC 33 17 9 78.6 66.0

Table 2. Area extraction results of potholes

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Table 2. Area extraction results of potholes

Pothole	Ground truth /m²	Proposed algorithm			Traditional CSF algorithm			RANSAC algorithm
Pothole	Ground truth /m²	Measure /m²	AE /m²	RE /%	Measure /m²	AE /m²	RE /%	Measure /m²	AE /m²	RE /%
1	0.1243	0.1023	-0.0220	17.699	0.0865	-0.0378	30.410	0.0948	-0.0295	23.733
2	0.2317	0.1925	-0.0392	16.918	0.1395	-0.0922	39.793	0.1668	-0.0649	28.010
3	0.5626	0.5253	-0.0373	6.630	0.3743	-0.1883	33.470	0.4337	-0.1289	22.911
4	0.1402	0.1572	0.0170	12.126	0.1637	0.0235	16.762	0.1317	-0.0085	6.063
5	0.0359	0.0320	-0.0039	10.864	0.0238	-0.0121	33.705	0.0287	-0.0072	20.056

Table 3. Depth extraction results of potholes

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Table 3. Depth extraction results of potholes

Pothole	Ground truth /m	Proposed algorithm			Traditional CSF algorithm			RANSAC algorithm
Pothole	Ground truth /m	Measure /m	AE /m	RE /%	Measure /m	AE /m	RE /%	Measure /m	AE /m	RE /%
1	0.0291	0.0273	-0.0018	6.186	0.0214	-0.0077	26.460	0.0239	-0.0052	17.869
2	0.0345	0.0329	-0.0016	4.638	0.0237	-0.0108	31.304	0.0278	-0.0067	19.420
3	0.0331	0.0299	-0.0032	9.668	0.0256	-0.0075	22.659	0.0387	0.0056	16.918
4	0.0241	0.0224	-0.0017	7.054	0.0267	0.0026	10.788	0.0194	-0.0047	19.502
5	0.0217	0.0196	-0.0021	9.677	0.0178	-0.0039	17.972	0.0172	-0.0045	20.737

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Rufei Liu, Weibin Xu, Qianying Zhao, Zhanwen Su. Adaptive Descent Distance Cloth Simulation Algorithm for Pavement Pothole Extraction[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(2): 0237006

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