Optical imaging has become the dominant method for characterizing information in biological systems. The rapid, non-destructive and comprehensive characterization of biological samples in recent years has placed high demands on the resolvable volume of imaging systems. Digital holography records an entire complex wavefront including both the amplitude and phase of the light field by interference imaging. Due to fast, non-destructive, and 3D imaging abilities, digital holography has been used in numerous applications such as digital pathology, label-free observation and real-time monitoring of in vitro cells. First, this paper introduces the main ways to achieve high-throughput imaging, and analyzes the advantages of digital holography and the evolution of spatial bandwidth. Secondly, a theoretical framework for high-throughput multi-channel multiplexing digital holography based on the Hilbert transform is presented. Then, an extended field of view digital holographic microscope is introduced based on this theoretical framework. Experimental results indicate that the system achieves 8 times the space-bandwidth product higher than that of conventional off-axis holographic microscopes without sacrificing spatial and temporal resolution. This high-throughput digital holographic multiplexing technology can make full use of the redundant spatial bandwidth of single intensity image, which verifies the feasibility of high-throughput multi-channel multiplexing digital holography.