The six-degree-of-freedom measurement system based on laser tracking plays a critical role in the production， manufacturing， and assembly of large-scale equipment， where accurate pose measurement is essential for ensuring precise determination of position and orientation. To address the challenges of calibration in laser tracking pose measurement systems operating in long-distance and wide-field scenarios， this study presents a novel calibration method leveraging multi-position targets. The methodology focuses on laser tracking systems utilizing cameras， starting with a detailed introduction to the system's architecture and pose measurement principles. Subsequently， the pose-solving algorithm is analyzed to identify key factors influencing calibration accuracy. Based on this analysis， a parameter calibration method is developed using spatial multi-pose targets， employing spatial geometric constraints and the least squares principle for optimal parameter estimation. A laser tracking experimental platform， constructed with a total station and a movable calibration board designed to create a stereotactic target， is used to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that， within a measurement range of 3-15 m， the proposed calibration method enhances pose measurement accuracy by over 25.4% compared to conventional techniques. This method offers significant potential for applications requiring high-precision pose measurements in long-distance and wide-field environments.