Coordination engineering in Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped silica glass for improving repetition rate of 920-nm ultrashort-pulse fiber laser

Yafei Wang; Yinggang Chen; Shikai Wang; Meng Wang; Lei Zhang; Suya Feng; Fei Yu; Guoping Dong; Lei Wen; Danping Chen; Chunlei Yu; Lili Hu

doi:10.1117/1.APN.2.6.066002

Advanced Photonics Nexus, Volume. 2, Issue 6, 066002(2023)

Coordination engineering in Nd³⁺-doped silica glass for improving repetition rate of 920-nm ultrashort-pulse fiber laser

Yafei Wang^1、†, Yinggang Chen^1,2, Shikai Wang^1、*, Meng Wang¹, Lei Zhang¹, Suya Feng¹, Fei Yu^1,3, Guoping Dong⁴, Lei Wen¹, Danping Chen¹, Chunlei Yu^1,3、*, and Lili Hu^1,3、*

Author Affiliations

¹Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser, Shanghai, China

²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China

⁴South China University of Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangzhou, China

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Fig. 1. (a) Emission spectra of N-O-G and N-S-G samples under the 808 nm excitation. Inset is enlarged view of $1.06 - μ m$ emission peak. (b) Calculated fluorescence branching ratios of N-S-G and N-O-G by integrating the peak areas.

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Fig. 2. (a) Photograph of N-S-G sample. (b) TEM image of N-S-G sample. This glass is ground into powder for testing. (c)–(g) EDS mapping analyses of elements of Si, Al, O, S, and Nd, respectively.

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Fig. 3. Absorption spectra of (a) N-S-F and (b) N-O-F. Insets are corresponding fiber cross sections; the fiber diameters are $125 μ m$ . (c) Spectra of forward ASE for N-S-F and N-O-F, core pumped by 200 mW 808 nm LD. (d) Forward ASE spectra in the wavelength region from 1025 to 1150 nm in linear coordinates, which are normalized and take 920 nm intensity as the baseline.

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Fig. 4. (a) Experimental setup of CW laser; NDSF, ${Nd}^{3 +}$ -doped silica fiber. (b) 920-nm CW laser spectra and (c) output power as a function of pump power by N-S-F, N-O-F, commercial Nufern PM-NDF-5/125, and commercial Coractive ND-103.

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Fig. 5. (a) Experimental setup of the 920 nm passively mode-locked laser using N-S-F. (b) Pulse train in 50-ns time span. Inset is the pulse train over a wider span. (c) Laser spectra of output pulses. Inset is the spectra stability in 2-h time span. (d) RF spectra of the mode-locked pulses. Inset is the RF spectrum in a 5-GHz range. (e) Autocorrelation trace. (f) Output power as a function of launched pump power. OSA, optical spectrum analyzer; ESA, electrical spectrum analyzer; and ML, mode-locking.

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Table 1. The doubly reduced matrix elements of F43/2→I49/2, I411/2, I413/2 transitions, respectively.
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Table 1. The doubly reduced matrix elements of F43/2→I49/2, I411/2, I413/2 transitions, respectively.
Transition $| ⟨ φ^{a} | U^{(2)} | φ^{b} ⟩ |^{2}$ $| ⟨ φ^{a} | U^{(4)} | φ^{b} ⟩ |^{2}$ $| ⟨ φ^{a} | U^{(6)} | φ^{b} ⟩ |^{2}$
${{}^{4}F}_{3 / 2} \to {{}^{4}I}_{9 / 2}$ 0 0.228 0.055
${{}^{4}F}_{3 / 2} \to {{}^{4}I}_{11 / 2}$ 0 0.142 0.408
${{}^{4}F}_{3 / 2} \to {{}^{4}I}_{13 / 2}$ 0 0 0.209

Table 2. The calculated Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω, t=2, 4, 6) of N-S-G and N-O-G.
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Table 2. The calculated Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω, t=2, 4, 6) of N-S-G and N-O-G.
Sample $Ω_{2}$ $Ω_{4}$ $Ω_{6}$ $Ω_{4} / Ω_{6}$ $δ_{rms}$
N-S-G 9.46 3.82 3.13 1.22 0.33
N-O-G 8.75 2.09 3.61 0.58 0.42

Table 3. Fiber parameters of N-S-F, N-O-F, commercial PM-NDF-5/125 (Nufern), and commercial ND-103 (Coractive).
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Table 3. Fiber parameters of N-S-F, N-O-F, commercial PM-NDF-5/125 (Nufern), and commercial ND-103 (Coractive).
N-S-F N-O-F PM-NDF-5/125 ND-103
Core diameter ( $μ m$ ) 4 4 5 4.5
Cladding diameter ( $μ m$ ) 125 125 125 125
NA 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14
Core absorption at 808 nm (dB/cm) 4.1 3.7 4.5 0.36

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Yafei Wang, Yinggang Chen, Shikai Wang, Meng Wang, Lei Zhang, Suya Feng, Fei Yu, Guoping Dong, Lei Wen, Danping Chen, Chunlei Yu, Lili Hu, "Coordination engineering in Nd³⁺-doped silica glass for improving repetition rate of 920-nm ultrashort-pulse fiber laser," Adv. Photon. Nexus 2, 066002 (2023)

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Paper Information

Category: Research Articles

Received: Jul. 11, 2023

Accepted: Sep. 6, 2023

Published Online: Oct. 7, 2023

The Author Email: Shikai Wang (woshiwsk@163.com), Chunlei Yu (sdycllcy@163.com), Lili Hu (hulili@siom.ac.cn)

DOI:10.1117/1.APN.2.6.066002

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. The doubly reduced matrix elements of F43/2→I49/2, I411/2, I413/2 transitions, respectively.

Table 1. The doubly reduced matrix elements of F43/2→I49/2, I411/2, I413/2 transitions, respectively.

Table 2. The calculated Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω, t=2, 4, 6) of N-S-G and N-O-G.

Table 2. The calculated Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω, t=2, 4, 6) of N-S-G and N-O-G.

Table 3. Fiber parameters of N-S-F, N-O-F, commercial PM-NDF-5/125 (Nufern), and commercial ND-103 (Coractive).

Table 3. Fiber parameters of N-S-F, N-O-F, commercial PM-NDF-5/125 (Nufern), and commercial ND-103 (Coractive).