Fig. 1. Working principle of the parallel logic operation based on the metasurface polarization optics. (a) Polarization-tunable focusing effects of the noninterleaved metalens under diverse polarized light. RCP is adopted as the input channel 1 (IN1) and LCP is used as the input channel 2 (IN2). Focal spot 1 is designed for the “OR” logic gate, and focal spot 2 is used for the “XOR” or the “NOT” gate. (b) The detailed mechanism of the all-optical logic operations. The black and red numbers are the input binary logic values and the output levels, respectively. Terminals labeled with “Control” indicate that the control port is turned on, which can provide power for the operation of the “NOT” gate.

Fig. 2. Design of the meta-atom library. (a) Schematic illustration of a single Si nanopillar placed on a rectangular SiO₂ substrate. (b)–(e) The optical responses of the meta-atom at the wavelength of 1550 nm. Phase shifts ϕ_x (b) and transmittance t_x (d) under the XLP incidence. Phase shifts ϕ_y (c) and transmittance t_y (e) under the YLP incidence.

Fig. 3. Design of the metasurface-based logic operator. (a) Phase ϕ₁ is used for the construction of the “OR” gate. (b) Phase ϕ₂ is assigned to a random phase profile with negligible crosstalk to the logic operations. (c) Phase ϕ₃ used for the construction of “XOR” or “NOT” gate. (d) Top view of the metasurface.

Fig. 4. Simulation results of the extracted intensity profiles under diverse polarized light. (a)–(c) Output X component, Y component, and the total output field with RCP incidence. (d)–(f) Output X component, Y component, and the total output field with LCP incidence. (g)–(i) Output X component, Y component, and the total output field with XLP incidence.

Fig. 5. Numerical demonstration of the proposed parallel logic processor. (a)–(d) Output normalized intensity distribution, with each corresponding to one exact input logic state. On each focal plane, the left highlighted region is used as the “OR” gate, and the right is designed for the “XOR” or the “NOT” gate. (e)–(h) Normalized intensity distribution along the x-axis of (a)–(d).