Retrieval of Sulfur Dioxide in Volcanic Region from EMI-Ⅱ

Yuanyuan Qian; Yuhan Luo; Haijin Zhou; Zhen Chang; Taiping Yang; Liang Xi; Fuying Tang; Fuqi Si

doi:10.3788/AOS221398

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 43, Issue 6, 0601006(2023)

Retrieval of Sulfur Dioxide in Volcanic Region from EMI-Ⅱ

Yuanyuan Qian^1,2, Yuhan Luo¹, Haijin Zhou¹, Zhen Chang¹, Taiping Yang¹, Liang Xi^1,2, Fuying Tang^1,2, and Fuqi Si^1、*

¹Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China

²University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China

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Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. Diagram showing the nadir scanning mode of EMI-Ⅱ

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Fig. 2. Spectral fitting results for some orbit on January 15, 2022 from EMI-Ⅱ. (a) Measured and reference spectra; (b) SO₂ differential optical thickness; (c) ring differential optical thickness; (d) remaining residual of DOAS fitting

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Fig. 3. Diagram of deducting the stripe effect of some orbit. (a) Before deducting the stripe effect; (b) after deducting the stripe effect

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Fig. 4. Monitored SO₂ results from the La Palma volcano. (a) Retrieved SO₂ VCD from EMI-Ⅱ on October 27, 2021; (b) SO₂ VCD obtained by TROPOMI on October 27, 2021; (c) retrieved SO₂ VCD from EMI-Ⅱ on October 29, 2021; (d) SO₂ VCD obtained by TROPOMI on October 29, 2021; (e) retrieved SO₂ VCD from EMI-Ⅱ on October 31, 2021; (f) SO₂ VCD obtained by TROPOMI on October 31, 2021

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Fig. 5. Linear fitting results of SO₂ VCD between EMI-Ⅱ and TROPOMI at La Palma volcano area at different time. (a) October 27, 2021; (b) October 29, 2021; (c) October 31, 2021

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Fig. 6. Monitored SO₂ VCD of Tonga submarine volcano. (a) Result from EMI-Ⅱ on January 14, 2022; (b) result from TROPOMI on January 14, 2022; (c) result from EMI-Ⅱ on January 15, 2022; (d) result from TROPOMI on January 15, 2022; (e) result from EMI-Ⅱ on January 16, 2022; (f) result from TROPOMI on January 16, 2022; (g) result from EMI-Ⅱ on January 17, 2022; (h) result from TROPOMI on January 17, 2022; (i) result from EMI-Ⅱ on January 18, 2022; (j) result from TROPOMI on January 18, 2022

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Fig. 7. Diagram of the forward trajectories of air masses during the Tonga submarine volcano eruptions

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Fig. 8. Scatter plots of SO₂ VCDs from EMI-Ⅱ and TROPOMI during Tonga submarine volcanic eruption. (a) January 15, 2022; (b) January 16, 2022; (c) January 17, 2022; (d) January 18, 2022

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Table 1. Parameter settings of DOAS fitting for retrieving the SO₂

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Table 1. Parameter settings of DOAS fitting for retrieving the SO₂

Retrieval parameter	Retrieval condition
Polynomial	Order 5
$S O_{2}$ absorption cross section	298 K^［15］
$O_{3}$ absorption cross section	223 K，243 K^［16］
$N O_{2}$ absorption cross section	220 K，298 K^［17］
BrO absorption cross section	223 K^［18］
HCHO absorption cross section	298 K^［19］
Ring absorption cross section	Calculated using QDOAS

Table 2. Parameter nodes for building the SO₂ AMF look-up table

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Table 2. Parameter nodes for building the SO₂ AMF look-up table

Parameter	Value
SZA /（°）	0，10，20，30，35，40，45，50，55，60，65，70，72，74，76，78，80
RAA /（°）	0，45，90，135，180
VZA /（°）	0，5，10，15，20，25，30，35，40，45，50，55，60，65，70
Albedo	0，0.05，0.1，0.20，0.30，0.40，0.60，0.80，1.0
Cloud pressure /hPa	1013，795，701，616，472，356，264，164，96

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Yuanyuan Qian, Yuhan Luo, Haijin Zhou, Zhen Chang, Taiping Yang, Liang Xi, Fuying Tang, Fuqi Si. Retrieval of Sulfur Dioxide in Volcanic Region from EMI-Ⅱ[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(6): 0601006

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