Refined urban governance is an important dimension of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and spatiotemporal intelligence plays a significant role in this endeavor. This paper, from the perspective of urban science and considering the objectives and tasks of the New Era, attempts to discuss the theoretical basis, methodological framework, and application pathways for spatiotemporal intelligence to support urban governance. This paper first briefly reviews the research spectrum of spatiotemporal intelligence and points out that existing urban science research has established a solid foundation for urban governance from the perspectives of geographical patterns, mechanisms, and regulation, while also setting theoretical goals that can be achieved. Many methodological studies have also provided a rich toolkit for urban spatial pattern analysis, interaction and temporal dynamic pattern mining, problem attribution and trend prediction, as well as operational optimization. This paper further demonstrates, through specific cases, the application pathways of the aforementioned spatiotemporal intelligence tools in the complete closed-loop of urban governance, from urban situation awareness, spatial management, response and disposal, prediction and warning, to institutional building.